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作 者 ：廖 珏,何 军,王永宏*,张 兴

期 刊 ：西北植物学报 2013年 8期 页码：1682~1690

关键词：番茄；植物源保鲜剂；活性筛选；

Keywords:tomato, botanical preservative, activity screening,

摘 要 ：以市售的35种中药材为材料,分别进行乙醇超声提取,并以‘金棚一号’番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.）为供试果蔬,以清水为空白对照(CK),以1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)为保鲜剂对照(1-MCP采用密闭熏蒸24 h),中药提取物采用喷雾法,室温贮藏第28天后测定中药提取物对采后番茄果实的保鲜活性以及适宜使用浓度,以筛选出具有较高保鲜活性的植物源材料,为开发新型植物源果蔬保鲜剂提供依据。结果表明：在番茄室温贮藏过程中,35种中药材中的山苍子、柚皮、荷叶乙醇提取物具有较高的保鲜活性,其浓度分别为2.0、2.0、1.0 mg·mL^-1干重时能够显著降低番茄的坏果率、失重率,并能有效延缓其硬度、口感、风味、Vc的变化,提高番茄超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶及过氧化物酶活性,抑制相对电导率的上升,保鲜效果明显,而且保鲜效果均与1-MCP保鲜剂无显著差异。研究发现,荷叶、柚皮、山苍子提取物对室温贮藏番茄具有较好的保鲜活性,具备开发果蔬保鲜剂的潜力。

Abstract:In order to get high fresh-keeping botanical materials and develop new botanical preservativation,we determined the fresh-keeping activities of 35 Chinese herbal medicine bought in the market and optimal concentrations on the 28th day after storage in room temperature (RT) against tomatoes.Plants were extracted with ethanol by ultrasonic wave extraction.The fresh-keeping activity of the each plant extracts was assayed on Jinpeng tomato by spraying method.The control group (CK) was treated with clear water.The drug control was treated with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) fumigating 24 h airtightly.The results indicated that Litsea cubeba extract,pomelo peel extract and lotus leafs extract had higher fresh-keeping activities of them significantly during the storage,and the optimum concentrations were 2.0,2.0,1.0 mg·mL^-1 dry matter respectively.The treatments significantly reduced the weight-loss rate and the number of rotted tomatoes,slowed down the decrease in the flesh firmness effectively,titratable acidity,flavor,Vc,delayed the increase in total soluble solids,increased the superoxidae dismutase,catalase and peroxidase activities,restrained the increase of relative electric conductivity.The preservation effects were not significantly difference with antistaling agent 1-MCP and require further research.

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