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作 者 ：李佳彬1，胡阳杰1，王宇娟2，宋全昊1，田芳慧1，李法计1，孙道杰1*

期 刊 ：西北植物学报 2012年 11期 页码：2182~2189

关键词：小麦；1BL/1RS；7DL.7Ag；分子检测；农艺性状；品质性状；

Keywords:wheat, 1BL/1RS, 7DL.7Ag, molecular detection, agronomic traits, quality traits,

摘 要 ：以‘豫农982’(1BL/1RS易位)和wheatear(7DL.7Ag易位)杂交后代的900个F₂群体及其F_2∶3家系为实验材料，对F₂群体进行1BL/1RS易位和7DL.7Ag易位类型分子检测，调查分析F₂群体及F_2∶3家系的农艺、产量性状(F₂群体的农艺性状仅作参考，重点分析F_2∶3家系的性状)，并探讨1BL/1RS易位和7DL.7Ag易位对小麦品质的影响。结果表明：（1）STS标记Lr19₁₃₀与SSR引物Xgwm428联合使用可作为共显性标记鉴定纯合7DL.7Ag易位与杂合7DL.7Ag易位，完善了7DL.7Ag易位的分子检测方法。（2）在农艺和产量性状方面，1BL/1RS易位可显著降低株高，有助于提高穗粒数和小穗数；7DL.7Ag易位在籽粒千粒重和产量上有显著的正向作用，但7DL.7Ag易位的穗粒数显著低于非7DL.7Ag易位且有延迟小麦成熟和增加株高的趋势；1BL/1RS和7DL.7Ag双重易位可同时提升小穗数和千粒重，但穗粒数减少。（3）在品质性状方面，1BL/1RS易位主要影响沉淀值、稳定时间、弱化度、最大拉伸阻力、延伸度等主要反映蛋白质质量的性状，使面筋质量显著降低，而对蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量和吸水率等主要反映蛋白质数量的性状影响较小；7DL.7Ag易位显著提高沉淀值和面团拉伸品质参数，对小麦粉质参数和糊化参数贡献不大。由此推测，将7DL.7Ag易位应用于小麦品种选育，有望突破产量瓶颈并可较好地提升品质。

Abstract:The 1BL/1RS translocation and 7DL.7Ag translocation have been widely used by wheat breeders to enhance agronomic performance and disease resistance.In the past decades,the introduction and application of 1BL/1RS translocation significantly increased yield potentials and adaptability in China;now it still plays an important role in wheat breeding and production.Currently,the positive effects of 7DL.7Ag translocation in terms of increasing the yield have caused attention of wheat breeders over the world.The objective of this study was to analysis the effects of 1BL/1RS and 7DL.7Ag chromosome translocations on the main agronomic,yield and quality traits in wheat.A total of 900 F₂ population and F_2∶3 family derived from the cross ‘Yunong 982’(1BL/1RS translocation)/wheatear(7DL.7Ag translocation) were planted in Yangling of Shaanxi Province during 2009～2011.This study identified the chromosome translocation types of F₂ population using SSR and STS.In addition,a total of 15 traits of the two parents,F₂ population and F_2∶3 family,such as plant height,spike length,grain number per spike,thousand-grain weight,grain weight per spike and days from emerge to maturity,were investigated (this study took the agronomic traits of F₂ population as a reference,the main agronomic traits of F_2∶3 family were this study’s key point).The F-test and multiple comparisons of the agronomic traits of no-translocation lines,homozygous 1BL/1RS translocation lines,homozygous 7DL.7Ag translocation lines and Double Translocation Lines (1BL/1RS,7DL.7Ag) in F_2∶3 family were done using the SAS8.2 System.At the same time,the effects of 1BL/1RS translocation and 7DL.7Ag translocation on wheat quality were tested.The results showed that:STS Lr19₁₃₀ maker and Xgwm428 marker were identified,which could effectively distinguish the heterozygous 7DL.7Ag translocation from homozygous 7DL.7Ag translocation when they were used together.In terms of agronomic traits and yield traits,a significantly higher grain number per spike and spikelet number,reduced plant height in 1BL/1RS translocation lines were observed.Comparing with no-7DL.7Ag lines.The 7DL.7Ag lines showed significantly higher thousand-grain weight,yield and plant height.However,a significantly lower grain number per spike and the slightly but significantly longer days from emerge to maturity in 7DL.7Ag lines were observed.Double translocation line (1BL/1RS,7DL.7Ag) showed a significantly higher spikelet number and thousand-grain weight,but a lower grain number per spike.In terms of quality traits,1BL/1RS translocation mainly affected protein quality traits such as sedimentation volume,stability,weaken degree,maximum resistance and extensibility,but it had little effect on protein quantitative traits such as protein content,wet gluten content and water absorption.7DL.7Ag translocation significantly increased sedimentation and extensograph parameter,but has no significantly effects on farniograph parameter and pasting parameter.The application of 7DL.7Ag translocation in wheat breeding may break through the bottleneck of yield and improve the quality.

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