作 者 ：王宏博,郭江鹏,李发弟,郝正里,阎萍
期 刊 ：草业学报 2011年 20卷 6期 页码：254-263
关键词：营养水平；滩×寒杂种母羊；繁殖性能；妊娠后期；泌乳期；催情；配种；
Keywords:nutrition level, Tan×Small Tail Han crossbred ewe, reproductive performance, late period of pregnancy, lactation period, flushing, mating,
摘 要 ：为研究妊娠后期(97~150 d)、泌乳期(30 d)、催情期(断奶至第2个情期)0.8×NRC(Ⅰ)、0.9×NRC(Ⅱ)和1.0×NRC(Ⅲ)代谢能(metabolic energy,ME)与粗蛋白(crude protein,CP)水平对母羊繁殖性能的影响。将30只1~2胎的滩×寒杂种妊娠母羊随机分成3组(统计的母羊数依次为6,5和7只),单栏饲养。结果表明,1)Ⅰ组母羊产后体重(43.50±7.50 kg)低于Ⅱ(47.20±2.12 kg,P＞0.05)、Ⅲ组(54.79±6.72 kg,P＜0.05),Ⅱ组呈低于Ⅲ的趋势;Ⅲ组母羊自身日增重(137.4±59.8 g)极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(-57.7±39.9,34.2±56.2,P＜0.01),Ⅱ也显著高于Ⅰ组(P＜0.05)。各组羔羊初生重(3.82±0.76,3.86±0.58和4.10±0.77 kg)相近(P＞0.05);Ⅲ组的羔羊初生窝重(7.69±2.24 kg)高于(P=0.086)Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(5.73±1.34,5.40±1.65 kg),与其多羔率高有关。2)在泌乳期,母羊泌乳量(27.08±4.52,40.34±11.90,55.48±14.29 kg)、羔羊断奶窝重(13.49±3.82,14.62±3.64,19.32±4.45 kg)、窝增重(7.17±2.71,9.22±2.17,12.28±3.15 kg)、羔羊断奶均重(7.71±2.26,10.45±1.72,11.19±2.51 kg)和增重(4.10±1.60,6.59±1.38,7.08±2.09 kg)均随母羊营养水平而提高(P＜0.05或P＞0.05)。Ⅰ组母羊泌乳期增重,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组均减重(相应为+0.94±2.05,-0.35±2.74和-1.86±3.89 kg),但组间差异不显著(P＞0.05)。3)3组母羊授乳末体重分别为(46.31±7.61),(46.85±2.58)和(52.93±4.20) kg (P=0.067),断奶后第1次发情分别是在(18.60±12.86),(13.25±6.70)和(10.71±4.07) d,第2情期结束时的空怀率为16.67%,20.00%和14.29%。母羊2次产羔间隔相应为201.8,183.5和187.7 d。
Abstract:The effects of (Ⅰ) 0.8×NRC, (Ⅱ) 0.9×NRC and (Ⅲ) 1.0×NRC levels of metabolic energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) on reproductive performance of ewes during the late period of pregnancy (97-150 d), lactation period (30 d) and flush period (from weaning of lambs to end of the second estrus cycle) were studied. Thirty Tan×Small Tail Han crossbred ewes in lamb at the first or second conceiving stage were randomly divided into three groups (6, 5 and 7 ewes in groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ respectively were used for statistical analysis). All the ewes were individually housed in pens with lamb creep. 1) During the late period of pregnancy, the postpartum weight of ewes for group Ⅰ (43.50±7.50 kg) was lower than those of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (47.20±2.12 and 54.79±6.72 kg). The average daily gain (ADG) of ewes-selves for group Ⅲ (137.4±59.8 g) was greater than those of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (-57.7±39.9 and 34.2±56.2 g). Differences in birth weight of lambs (3.82±0.76, 3.86±0.58 and 4.10±0.77 kg respectively) among the three groups were not significant, but litter weight was greater for group Ⅲ (7.69±2.24 kg) than for groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (5.73±1.34 and 5.40±1.65 kg). 2) During the period of lactation, milk yield of ewes (27.08±4.52, 40.34±11.90 and 55.48±14.29 kg), body-weight (BW) (13.49±3.82, 14.62±3.64 and 19.32±4.45 kg) and body-weight gain (BWG) of litters (7.17±2.71, 9.22±2.17 and 12.28±3.15 kg), BW at weaning (7.71±2.26, 10.45±1.72 and 11.19±2.51 kg) and BWG of lambs (4.10±1.60, 6.59±1.38 and 7.08±2.09 kg) increased with the nutritive levels of ewes. BW of group Ⅰ ewes increased (+0.94±2.053 kg) but for groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ, it decreased (-0.35±2.74 and -1.86±3.89 kg), although there were no significant differences in BWG among all groups. 3) For group Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ ewes, BWs at the end of nursing were 46.31±7.61, 46.85±2.58 and 52.93±4.20 kg respectively. The first estrous cycle occurred at 18.60±12.86, 13.25±6.70 and 10.71±4.07 d after cessation of nursing. The ratios of barren ewes at the end of the second estrous cycle were 16.67%, 20.00% and 14.29%, and the lambing intervals were 201.8, 183.5 and 187.7 d.