摘 要：在松果梢斑螟成虫产卵期，采用顶空吸附法和GC-MS分析，研究虫害后油松球果萜类挥发物成分的变化。油松虫害球果（枝）单萜挥发物的释放呈现昼夜节律，并且特异性挥发组分为1R-(+)-α-蒎烯、β-香叶烯和D-柠檬烯。梢斑螟成虫为夜出性害虫，因此产卵期晚上的球果（枝）挥发物更有意义。油松和华山松球果的触角电位（EAG）测试表明：虫害球果与健康球果相比，梢斑螟（雌雄蛾）对油松虫害球果的EAG反应更明显；而对华山松虫害球果和健康球果的EAG反应差异不明显。Y-型嗅觉仪的趋向试验表明：雌成虫的寄主选择性明显高于雄虫，油松球果提取液的引诱作用高于华山松球果，而当年生针叶提取液、虫害球果及其提取液挥发物对雌成虫的引诱作用均高于健康球果；挥发物标准品测试显示，1R-(+)-α-蒎烯、β-香叶烯和D-柠檬烯组合具有明显的引诱作用。虫害油松球果及其提取液可显著刺激雌成虫产卵，表明油松虫害球果提取液组分中存在着雌成虫的产卵刺激物；华山松球果提取液的存在明显抑制了雌虫在油松虫害球果提取液滤纸上的产卵，表明华山松球果提取液中可能有产卵拒避剂。
Abstract: GC-MS was used to determine the composition and the amount of the terpene volatiles collected from the infested cones (by Gravitarmata mairgarotana larvae) by means of head space absoption, during the oviposition period of female adult Dioryctria pryeri. Results showed that 6 kinds of terpenes were found in the volatile blends of the infested and uninfested cone-shoots in Chinese Pine ( Pinus tabulaeformis ), and the emitting amount of the terpenes was to some extent different between night and daytime. During the oviposition period the cone-shoot volatiles at night was very important to coneworm adult due to nocturnal trait of the moth. In those time, specific blend of the herbivore-induced cone in Chinese Pine was composed of 1R-(+)-α-pinene,β-myrcene and D-limonene. Measurement of electroantennography (EAG) in cones of Chinese Pine and armand pine ( Pinus armandi ) showed that EAG response of D. pryeri to the infested cones was significantly higher than the uninfested cones in Chinese pine, but there was no significant difference in EAG response to the infested and uninfested cones of armand pine. A tropism of both sexes in Y-olfactormeter showed that tropism response of female moth to host volatiles was more active than male moth, and the trend response to CH2Cl2 extracts from Chinese pine cones was stronger than that from armand pine cone. Moreover, the volatiles of CH2Cl2 extracts of one year old needles and the infested cone in Chinese pine attracted more females than that of the uninfested cone did. A tropism experiment of monoterpene standard compounds showed that α-pinene had an important role in attracting the coneworm moth, and a mixture of 1R-(+)-α-pinene, β-myrcene and D-limonene had strong attracting effect to the moth. Furthermore, the infested cone and its extracts could obviously stimulate female to oviposite. The result suggested that CH2Cl2 extracts of the infested cone in Chinese Pine might contain ovipositive stimulants of the female. However, CH2Cl2 extracts of the cone in armand pine inhibited the femal to oviposite and therefore, they might contain ovipositive deterrents of the female.
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