运用TWINSPAN,flexible beta clustering,DCA,NMDS(non-metric multidimensional scaling)对岳麓山马尾松林群落类型进行划分,并采用Patrick指数、Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou指数研究群落的物种多样性。结果表明:1) flexible beta clustering和NMDS相结合要优于TWINSPAN和DCA,是比较理想的群落数量分类方法; 2) 岳麓山马尾松分布于10种群落中,马尾松除了组成较大面积的纯林外,还与其他本土阔叶树种组成6种针阔混交林; 3) 马尾松纯林物种多样性低,丰富度指数、均匀度指数、多样性指数、优势度指数均为最低值,尤其是草本层物种多样性极低。相比之下,针阔混交林,尤其是马尾松+苦槠林物种多样性较高; 4) 样地中马尾松的重要值与乔木层的各物种多样性指数、与草本层的均匀度指数、优势度指数存在负相关,与灌木层的物种多样性不存在相关关系。
Pinus massoniana forests in Yuelue Mountain play an important role in improving and maintaining urban environment of Changsha city. Based on data collected through a field investigation in Yuelu mountain, the community types of Pinus massoniana forests were classified via TWINSPAN, flexible beta clustering, DCA and NMDS. Four indices of species diversity were used to analyze differences in richness, evenness and heterogeneity between the communities. Results showed that, compared to TWINSPAN and DCA, NMDS coupled with flexible beta clustering was a better quantitative classification method, with which 10 community types of Pinus massoniana in 28 plots were identified, representing four vegetation types, 10 formations. Pinus massoniana forests in Yuelue Mountain formed Pinus Massoniana and four coniferous-broad mixed leaved forests, including Pinus massoniana+Cinnamomum camphora+Liquidambar formosana, Pinus massoniana+Choerospondias axillaries, Pinus massoniana+Camellia euryoides, Pinus massoniana+Cinnamomum camphora and Liquidambar formosana+Pinus massoniana+Symplocos setchuensis. The lowest richness, evenness and heterogeneity, particularly extremely low for the herbs, were measured in the pure Pinus Massoniana forests. In contrast, the coniferous-broad mixed leaved forests, especially in the Pinus massoniana+Castanopsis sclerophylla, showed relatively higher species diversity. The important value of the Pinus Massoniana in stands was negatively correlated with richness, evenness and heterogeneity indices of the trees, evenness and heterogeneity indices of the herbs, but not correlated with diversity of the shrubs.
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