采用正交试验设计和组织培养技术,研究植物激素对肉苁蓉种子萌发形成芽管以及化学诱导物质对吸器形成的影响。结果表明: 萘乙酸(NAA)和6-苄氨基腺嘌呤(6-BA)均不能诱导肉苁蓉种子萌发,2.9 μmol·L-1和5.8 μmol·L-1赤霉素(GA-3)能够诱导肉苁蓉种子萌发形成芽管,萌发率仅为3.3%~4.7%; 2.9 μmol·L-1 NAA+ 5.8 μmol·L-1GA-3+ 1.4 μmol·L-1 6-BA 3种植物激素组合使肉苁蓉种子萌发率提高了4.2倍; 植物激素不能进一步诱导肉苁蓉形成吸器。2,6-二甲氧基对苯醌(DMBQ)、间苯二酚(RS)和阿魏酸(FA)均可诱导萌发的肉苁蓉种子形成吸器,吸器形成率最高为16.7%; DMBQ与FA和DMBQ与RS组合均表现出协同作用,使肉苁蓉种子吸器形成率提高到100%。试验阐明肉苁蓉种子萌发的诱导植物激素是GA-3,而吸器形成的诱导还需要特定的酚醌类化合物。
In order to reveal the induction mechanism of chemical substances in the seed germination and haustorium formation of Cistanche deserticola, we investigated the seed germination rate of C. deserticola treated with plant hormone and the haustorium formation percentage treated with chemical inductive substances by using the method of the orthogonal experiment design and the tissue culture technique. Results showed that NAA and 6BA did not induce the seed germination. However, 2.9 μmol·L-1 and 5.8 μmol·L-1 GA-3 was able to induce the germination and germ tube formation,though the germination percentage was only 3.3%~4.7%. When treated with 2.9 μmol·L-1 NAA +5.8 μmol·L-1 GA-3 +14 μmol·L-1 6BA, the germination percentage was 4.2 times higher than the single hormone treatments, however the germ tube did not form haustorium in this treatment. DMBQ, RS and FA were effective chemical inductive substances in the haustorium formation, and the haustorium formation percentage was only 16.7%. Interestingly, the combination of DMBQ and FA or RS displayed a synergism, and promoted the haustorium formation percentage up to 100%. GA-3 was an essential plant hormone which induced the seed germination of C. deserticola, and the further need the specific phenolic and quinone substances which induced the haustorium development in terms of their chemical composition.
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