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作 者 ：许绍惠 边立琪 郭泳 周永斌 才淑英

期 刊 ：林业科学 1994年 30卷 6期 页码：497-505

关键词：白皮松；抗寒性；防寒措施；

Keywords:Pinus bungeana, Cold resistance, Freeze—Prevention measure,

摘 要 ：通过9年的试验结果表明,在沈阳地区白皮松(Pinus bungeana Zucc.)幼苗不能正常越冬的主要原因是冻害引起细胞内叶绿体、线粒体及细胞内膜系统等结构破坏和严重失水所致。据此,以置地膜或罩地膜加盖草帘的防寒措施效果最好,可使越冬幼苗的保存率达81%—97.5%。进行白皮松抗寒育苗关键技术:一是播前种子处理,以温水浸种0—3℃下沙藏25天左右:二是4年生幼苗在4月下旬移栽,移栽后注意保持苗床湿润;三是对1—2年生播种苗和移栽后第1—2年的幼苗应采用罩地膜防寒,而后可采用覆盖稻草或玉米秆防寒,6—7年生以上幼苗在沈阳地区基本能正常越冬。此外,用BR(0.01μg/ml)浸种和喷洒幼苗,可提高出苗率,提高覆稻草幼苗越冬保存率14.5%。

Abstract:A study on techniques to enhance cold resistance of seedlings of Pinus bungeana was coducted for over 9 years.The experimental results showed that the chloroplast,mitochondrum and the membraneous System in cells were often damaged and caused serious water—lose in shenyang region during winter hence pine seedlings could not survive properly, however, vinyl-film or straw curtain in addtion were proved to be the best materials to protect the seedlings from the cold and 81%~97.5% seedlings could survive.The key measures of raising seedlings of P.bungesna in Shenyang region inclued the storage of seed mixed with sand under temperature 0—3℃ after hot water soaking; transplanting of seedlings not at age 4 years and paying attention to water management; and covering the seedlings with vinyl—flim for the first two years after sowing and transplanting. The 6—7 years old seedlings or those which had been trasplanted over3—4years might safely survive the cold winter.In addition,seed was soaked with Brassonolide(0.01μg/mL),see germination percentage could be increased by 47%. BR(0.01μg/mL) was sprayed in growing Stage to increase winter survival rate by 10.6%~14.5% Under rice-straw cover.

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