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作 者 ：王贵禧 宗亦臣 梁丽松 成晓霞

期 刊 ：林业科学 1998年 34卷 2期 页码：31-36

关键词：猕猴桃；大帐气调贮藏；乙烯合成酶；淀粉酶；多聚半乳糖醛酸酶；

Keywords:Kiwifruit, Polyethylene tent, Ethylene forming enzyme (EFE), Amylase, Polygalacturonase(PG),

摘 要 ：在普通果品冷库内,将猕猴桃密封于塑料薄膜大帐内,用分子筛气调机制取氮气来调节大帐内的气体成分,进行猕猴桃的大帐气调贮藏保鲜。结果表明,与冷藏相比,大帐气调贮藏猕猴桃的乙烯合成酶、淀粉酶和多聚半乳糖醛酸酶的活性均低,因而乙烯的释放量少并较好地保持了果实组织中的淀粉和非水溶性果胶的含量,从而有效地保持了果实的硬度和品质,延长了猕猴桃的贮藏保鲜期。经多次重复实验,利用大帐气调贮藏保鲜技术,可以将“秦美”猕猴桃的保鲜期延长至8个月,好果率达923%～945%,而冷藏对照果经5个月贮藏,其好果率仅44%。大帐气调保鲜技术还具有调气速度快、管理灵活、便于出入库等特点。

Abstract:A new method to store kiwifruit were applied and the physiochemical changes of kiwifruit during storage were studied. In a cold storage house, about 5t kiwifruit was sealed in each of polyethylene tents. There were two sleeves, from which gas could move in or out, at the opposite ends of every tent. A carbon molecular sieve nitrogen generator (CMSNG) was used to produce nitrogen from air, the nitrogen was piped into the tent through the insleeve, and the original gas in the tent was removed out through the outsleeve. When the original gas in the tent exchanged completely by the nitrogen, the tent was sealed. Several days later, when the oxygen in the tents reduced to the lower limit or the carbon dioxide accumulated to the upper limit because of the respiration of kiwifruit, the tents were refilled with nitrogen from CMSNG as before to adjust the gas composition. The above operations were carried out regularly. \ \ The results showed that kiwifruit in the polyethylene tents has lower activities of EFE, amylase and polygalacturonase (PG) than the fruit in cold storage, so that the ethylene forming was inhibited, the rate of decomposition of starch and pectin substances was reduced, therefore the storage life was prolonged. In our experiments, when the kiwifruit was stored for 8 months in polyethylene tents, the rate of sound fruit was 923%～945%,but only 44% in cold storage in 5 months. \ \ Polyethylene tens have several virtues: (1)The gas composition was adjusted quickly as one tent with kiwifruit was piled up, (2)Each of tents in the storage house was a independent unit, kiwifruit in one tent was transported out of the storage house conveniently in need of commerce not to effect other tents, (3)The gas only inside of the tents was low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide, the outside of the tents was of nomal atmosphere, so the changes of kiwifruit in the storage house could be check safely and easyly at any time, etc. Therefore the polyethylene tents storage was a suitable storage technique for kiwifruit preservation.

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