Abstract:The heredity of fruit color of sweet pepper was studied by making crosses between different colormaterials atmarketable mature stage and physiological mature stage and observing the inherent laws of different generations. The results showed that the traits of fruit color belonged to qualitative characters at marketable mature stage and physiologicalmature stage and were controlled by nuclear genes. Green fruit (GF) vs yellow fruit (YF) was controlled by one complete dominant gene, YF vs white fruit (WF) was controlled by two dup licate dominant genes, GF vsWF had differences in three genes, and the Green gene had epistatic effect, one green gene was enough to restrain the express of YF and WF. Two dup licate dominant genes controlled red fruit vs Yellow-orange fruit at physiological mature stage. Different genes controlled the colors of fruit at marketable mature stage and physiological mature stage.