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作 者 ：王精明;;李永华;黄胜琴;刘丽娜;叶庆生

期 刊 ：园艺学报 2005年 32卷 02期 页码：335-338

关键词：红掌；光合速率；生长发育；

Keywords:Anthurium andraeanum Lind., Net photosynthetic rate, Growth and development,

摘 要 ：本试验以开顶式塑料薄膜温室为设施, 研究了高CO₂ 浓度对红掌叶片光合速率、植株生长、光合酶活性和花期的影响。结果表明: 处理90 d时, 对照组〔大气CO₂ 浓度( 360 ±30) μmol·mol^{- 1} 〕红掌的株高、叶面积、株干样质量、株鲜样质量与处理前相比分别增加了16.4%、36.1%、101.2%和84.2% , 而高CO₂ 浓度组〔( 1 000 ±100 ) μmol·mol^{- 1} 〕则分别增加了72.9%、65.6%、217.6%和199.1%。高CO₂ 浓度组的净光合速率比对照增加46.27%, 气孔导度下降, 促进了叶片中可溶性糖和淀粉积累, 叶绿素含量比对照下降, 而对Rubisco活性影响较小, 乙醇酸氧化酶活性则明显下降。高CO₂ 浓度处理50 d时, 开花率为25%, 处理90 d时已达到80%以上, 而在整个试验期间对照组未见开花。因此, 高浓度CO₂ 处理提高了红掌叶片的光合速率和碳水化合物的积累, 促进了营养生长, 提前了花期。

Abstract:The effects of elevation of CO₂ on photosynthetic characteristics, growth rate and flowering of Anthurium andraeanum Lind. were studied in open-top plastic chambers. The results showed that plant grown under ambient CO₂ 〔(360 ±30) μmol·mol^{- 1} 〕at 90 d after treatment, the plant height , leaf area, fresh
and drymass have increased by 16.4% , 36.1% , 101.2% and 84.2% respectively than that 0 d after treatment. However, plant grown under elevated CO₂ condition 〔(1 000 ±100) μmol·mol^{- 1} 〕at that period, their physiological characteristics increased significantly by 72.9% , 65.6% , 217.6% and 199.1% respectively. Comparing with the ambient CO₂ , elevated CO₂ caused a marked rise in net photosynthetic rate (46.27% ) and more soluble sugar and starch accumulation in leaves, but significantly reduced their stomata conductance and chlorophyll content. In addition, elevated CO₂ had little effect on Rubisco activity, and glycolate oxidase activity apparently decreased in leaves. There area great difference in flowering between ambient
and elevated CO₂ condition. No flowering occurred in the former, but the flowering percentage of the latter were 25% at 50 d and 80% at 90 d. It was considered that increase in CO₂ concentration in a certain extent might be most beneficial for increasing photosynthetic rate and carbohydrate accumulation, and therefore, the vegetative growth and flowering were eventually promoted.

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