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Study on Production Performance and Interspecific Competition of Italian ryegrass and Villose Vetch Mixed Grassland in Winter Fallow Farmlands

冬闲田多花黑麦草+光叶紫花苕混播草地生产性能与种间竞争的研究



全 文 :!24" !1#
 Vol.24  No.1
! " # $
ACTA AGRESTIA SINICA
   2016$  1%
  Jan.  2016
犱狅犻:10.11733/j.issn.10070435.2016.01.006
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x`›s54.67%~94.15%。LWM9ŸÏd#,x›^-T9K`LܓÈÉ&©ØÌ"_Ÿ,L?bOP
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:S54    ABCDE:A     AFG@:10070435(2016)01004205
犛狋狌犱狔狅狀犘狉狅犱狌犮狋犻狅狀犘犲狉犳狅狉犿犪狀犮犲犪狀犱犐狀狋犲狉狊狆犲犮犻犳犻犮犆狅犿狆犲狋犻狋犻狅狀狅犳犐狋犪犾犻犪狀
狉狔犲犵狉犪狊狊犪狀犱犞犻犾狅狊犲犞犲狋犮犺犕犻狓犲犱犌狉犪狊狊犾犪狀犱犻狀犠犻狀狋犲狉犉犪犾狅狑犉犪狉犿犾犪狀犱狊
LIUQian1,FUPing1,AOXuecheng1,SUMao1,SUNQizhong2
(1.InstituteofAnimalHusbandryandVeterinarySciencesofLiangshanYiautonomousprefecture,Xichang,Sichuan
Province615042,China;2.InstituteofGrasslandResearchofChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,
Hohhot,InnerMongolia10010,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Thechangesofproductionperformanceandinterspecificcompetitioninwinterfalowfarmlands
wereinvestigatedusingItalianryegrassandVilosevetchbyunicastandmixedsowing.Resultsshowed
thatmixedseedingcombinationofItalianryegrassandVilosevetchcouldincreasetheforageyieldupto
14125.05~17730.53kg·hm-2,whichwashigherthanthatofunicastItalianryegrassby14.08% ~
43.19%orvilosevetchby54.67%~94.15%.Inthegrowthstage,thebiomassofItalianryegrasswas
dominantinharvestregimes,anditscompetitivenesswasmorethanthatofVilosevetchinthemixed
communityatacompetitiveadvantage.Comprehensiveanalysesofyield,growingcompetitiontrendsand
communitystructureindicatedthatthebestmixedseedingcombinationpatternwas50% :50% (Italian
ryegrass:Vilosevetch),whichhadthehighestforageyieldandsuitablecomponentcomposition.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:Mixedgrassland;Italianryegrass;Vilosevetch;Winterfalowfarmland
HIJK
:20141201;LMJK:20150312
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¸á
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˜AThi¥YéV;犆犚犪=12g˜A6VTh
i¥ˆ@

-犆犚犪<12,g˜AThi¥uéV。
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1.4 lmnoW>r
BCëÏÔdSPSS13.0ÕÖ\‘ Oneway
ANOVA^²=•,•¸tdÂ*úØâ(Dun
canâ)。
2 pqW>r
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¤-`Ú,`ONepTß´•«»F

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t€n14125.05kg·hm-2,L6V÷b¤`=¾
n12382.19kg·hm-269132.23kg·hm-2。?
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43.19%,¸ ÷ b ‘ X _ x ` › s 54.67% ~
94.15%。!ß4¤`Øà$c¤`T53.26%~
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`1 aðÁ-ŒW./0ð123åŒ41
Table1 HayyieldofItalianryegrassandVilosavetchinmixedsowing/kg·hm-2
Óù
Treatments
¤` Yield ˆD¸ Relativepercentage/%
!ß4
Firstyield
!å4
Secondyield
š²
Total
ß4Øc¤`
T¸á
Firstcuttingyield/%
åÈØ
c¤`¸á
Secondcuttingyield/%
?bLä
Mixedseeding
withgroupL
?bVä
Mixedseeding
withgroupV
L 7393.03c 4989.16c 12382.19c 59.71 40.29
LV1 7523.42c 6601.63b 14125.05b 53.26 46.74 14.08 54.67
LV2 9796.56b 7933.96a 17730.52a 55.25 44.75 43.19 94.15
LV3 11284.30a 5216.94c 16501.24a 68.38 31.62 33.27 80.69
V 7092.54c 2039.69d 9132.23d 77.66 22.34
  ü:@j6@uU;Çg˜Øº…†(犘<0.05)
Note:Differentlowercaseswithinthesamecolumnindicatesignificantdifferenceatthe0.05level
2.2 23,1Ýy
?b-_¤-`èf*?-q-t@p
’

å™LÜ9K`p’&1ظá

fq¤`
¸

|GOKŸ!\Lab?b-_9¤§T
¢£
[21]。
x›^-6‘X_x`L?b9K`
&1ظá|‘<ðóI~g21˜。?bOP
Lñ’

°J>ïT=Ä&

x›^-‘X
_x`Lc¤`&1ظáAÀã<ð

L?b
äšLV1,LV2 6LV3 &!ߓÈÉ2x›^
- Ø c ¤ ` T ¸ á n 47.63%,75.46% 6
85.21%,!å“n82.45%,78.71%699.11%。
LWM9Ÿ#&x›^-T9K`LܓÈÉ
&©ØÌ"_Ÿ

‘X_x`!ߓÈÉ21Ø
¸án14.79%~52.37%,!å“n0.89%~
21.29%,!ߓÈɍx›^-、‘X_x`g
PO£)t–TÀbG¸áTíîn¤`íîT
óI

‘&j50%x›^-+50%‘X_x`
T‹-ä=epÝnšù

`2 23x8<,1Ýy
Table2 Biomasscomponentsinmixedsowingcombination/%
Óù
Treatments
!ߓÈÉ
Firstcutting
!å“ÈÉ
Secondcutting
c¤`
Totalyield
L V L V L V
LV1 47.63 52.37 82.45 17.55 77.25 22.75
LV2 75.46 24.54 78.71 21.29 63.90 36.10
LV3 85.21 14.79 99.11 0.89 89.61 10.39
2.3 23x8$à,1we 67Õ
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Yu

nhiÝ
(犆犚)(§gPñGJK?b&@G
JKhi¥T–o

‘^

G%hicÚócéß
Ò

rJßM–™
[22]。
LLV1,LV2,LV3 Óù&,
x›^-ThiÝ
(犆犚犪)©Yé‘X_x`,L
WM?bäš&9K`©ØÌ"_Ÿ

44
!1# c d?:aãx›^-+‘X_x`?b-_9¤§G%hiT/0
`3 23x8$à,1fe 67Õ
Table3 Relativetotalbiomassandinterspecific
competitionrateofmixedsowingcombination
Óù
Treatments
!ߓÈÉ
Firstcutting
!å“ÈÉ
Secondcutting
LV1 犚犢犜 1.08 1.65
犆犚犪 2.06 4.47
犆犚狏 0.49 0.23
LV2 犚犢犜 1.16 2.79
犆犚犪 2.68 1.39
犆犚狏 0.37 0.72
LV3 犚犢犜 1.28 0.88
犆犚犪 1.76 14.38
犆犚狏 0.57 0.07
3 ˆ‰Wp‰
3.1 aðÁ-Œ+./0ð1223´9:;<
=>2*+,?6
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ŽTZØYçU

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íî‹
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ø·=ALaã‹
-ðÏdÒÓAz¡6ƒ/0
[2326],
IÌ«¯&L
-G(6P“¾¨?ÒÓ

Ïdß$9?-J
?b-_T/06

»BC&?bTš-¤`€
¸÷bJ1›s
,¸
÷bx›^-›s14.08%
~43.19%,¸ ÷b‘X_x`›s54.67%~
94.15%。.Uh,x›^-6‘X_x`gPO
¡2G?-9ŸTˆö[\cd。LWMa#Ü
Óù\‘¡å“ÈÉ

bGd!ߓÈÉ9Ÿ110
á

9K`Ö¹

5.!ߓÈÉØà$c¤`T
53.26%~68.38%。!å“ÈÉJr9Ÿ47á,.
2YŽÛAêsî×

x›^-ED9ŸgØ

‘
X_x`gØèED9ŸÚn9I9Ÿ

9K`ž
Ÿœ

+’¤`€

ghLZØYaãGJ
x›^-‘X_x`?b-_¤`Ì«ÿH
yö8.ߓ¤`

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àÓù66@?b¸áÓù

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”Ïdep69¤§ÒÓ©Hé÷b-_

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©
[27]
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“ÈÉ2x›^-hi§¥–é‘X_x`
(犆犚犪>犆犚狏),ghq-U9§¥t–,KwÈÉ,
n“ÈÉDf*?-6Ï

x›^-

‘X_
x`@nß$9C#?-

IèéJK+8­j|
KŠHlT§¥6@

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cdûYA

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L-O&
T†AgØSê"dØÏ^DHI

.ªs
~
[31]
?4nTK`Èɐ-’JKXÓÖ»ë6
Òbd-’®úT‘ë`6‘F°9<ð

€f
*?-Dq-T€cd

Ïéq-9Ÿ

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ӚjS=•

»/0x›^-‘X_x
`?b䚩t÷b¤`J1›s

j50%x›
^-+50%‘X_x`T‹-¤`Ýsn17730.
53kg·hm-2,fq‹-ä=epn36.10%663.
90%tKw,nß$9?b-_ÝnGJÂâ。
”•AB
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TJ/ÙC8·
[J].9\+i,2004,24(5):932937
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ãÙC“”:fT¸t/0
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287291
[5] §Ÿ¢,ªw¸.s¥?ŽÄ^†f?bäšT/0[J].-
)*+
,1989,6(5):3133
[6] Ρ,Þ͇,ˆ‰.s¥_ŽŠ‹†f+Ä^?b*G
BC/0
[J].-)*+,2003,20(8):3738
[7] {R,{á‰,¹½Œ.éê_Žqf?b-_9¤¥/0
[J].&*¾yŠLf,2007,2(2):121128
[8] {R,¹½Œ,ª‰ã.qf?b-_G%hit+[J].9
54
! " # $ !24"
\+i
,2009,29(5):25602567
[9] ö,…,eÍf,?.?70›^+ŠŽ†f?b-
_9K`

1F|G%hiT!\/0
[J].-)+i,1999,8
(4):5664
[10]ƒö¡,ec¢,ªÂà,?.vŠ-+ºñX?b-_9
K`|G%hiT!\/0
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