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Spatial Distribution of Gynaephora menyuanensis under Different Grazing Intensities in Alpine Meadow

不同放牧强度下门源草原毛虫在高寒草甸上的空间分布



全 文 :!24" !1#
 Vol.24  No.1
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ACTA AGRESTIA SINICA
   2016$  1%
  Jan.  2016
犱狅犻:10.11733/j.issn.10070435.2016.01.026
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犛狆犪狋犻犪犾犇犻狊狋狉犻犫狌狋犻狅狀狅犳犌狔狀犪犲狆犺狅狉犪犿犲狀狔狌犪狀犲狀狊犻狊狌狀犱犲狉
犇犻犳犳犲狉犲狀狋犌狉犪狕犻狀犵犐狀狋犲狀狊犻狋犻犲狊犻狀犃犾狆犻狀犲犕犲犪犱狅狑
CHENKelu1,3,YUXinchao1,3,YAOBuqing1,MAZhen1,
WANGWenying2,WANGHuichun2,ZHOUHuakun1,ZHAOXinquan1
(1.NorthwestInstituteofPlateauBiology,ChineseAcademyofScience,Xining,QinghaiProvince810008,China;
2.AcademyofLifeandGeographyScience,QinghaiNormalUniversity,Xining,
QinghaiProvince810008,China;3.UniversityoftheChineseAcademyofScience,Beijing100049,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Winterpasture,undergrazing,moderategrazingandheavygrazingpastureswereusedasstudy
plotsinincreasingorderofgrazingintensityinalpinemeadow.10quadrats(0.5m×0.5m)ateachplot
wererandomlyselected.Thevegetationheight,coverageandpopulationdensityverticaldistribution
heightof犌狔狀犪犲狆犺狅狉犪犿犲狀狔狌犪狀犲狀狊犻狊ineveryquadratweremeasured.Thenthespatialdistributionof犌.
犿犲狀狔狌犪狀犲狀狊犻狊wasanalyzedunderdifferentgrazingintensitiesaccordingtothespatialpatternindexes.The
resultsshowedthatmoderategrazingwouldincreasethepopulationdensityof犌狔狀犪犲狆犺狅狉犪犿犲狀狔狌犪狀犲狀狊犻狊,
butovergrazinginhibitedthedensityincrease.Thedistributionof犌狔狀犪犲狆犺狅狉犪犿犲狀狔狌犪狀犲狀狊犻狊weregath
eredonbothhorizontalandverticaldirections.Thegrazingdisturbancedidnotchangetheaggregatedistri
butioncharacteristicsofthespecies,butcouldinfluenceitsclusteringintensitybyaffectingitsfoodand
habitat.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:犌狔狀犪犲狆犺狅狉犪犿犲狀狔狌犪狀犲狀狊犻狊;Interferenceofgrazing;Density;Aggregationdegree;Spatialdis
tributionheight
HIJK
:20141209;LMJK:20150508
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VSÐÊñ犛犪犮犮狊狊狌狉犲犪狊狌狆犲狉犫犪[24]。
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[43]。
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ûdSPSS22.0ÕÖDJKsA、ÄA、ö,†
A6Êö=>sA?»F\‘÷5uÒØ=•

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0.05),I.ñ™%غ6…†。À>?–Aíî,
J/ÄAh…€
(犘<0.05)(ë1)。
=1 c~%&րP2+,{€ws€
Fig.1 Plantheightandcoverageunderdifferentgrazingintensities
ü

6@uU;Çg˜Øº…†
(犘<0.05),œ@
Note:Differentlowercaselettersshowsignificantdifferenceatthe0.05level,thesameasbelow
2.2.2 678I i?_(II)ö,†AÝs,DÒ
(I)“ã,•?_(IV)ö,†A݀(ë2)。
=2 c~%&րPoAŒpP2Ptë€
Fig.2 Populationdensityof犌狔狀犪犲狆犺狅狉犪犿犲狀狔狌犪狀犲狀狊犻狊
underdifferentgrazingintensities
2.2 Ÿ >±
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Table1 Aggregationindexesof犌狔狀犪犲狆犺狅狉犪犿犲狀狔狌犪狀犲狀狊犻狊underdifferentgrazingintensities
>?–A
Grazingintensity
狓 犛2 犿 犐 犔 犆犃 犆 犓 λ
I 21.2 78.40 23.90 2.70 1.13 0.13 3.70 7.86 20.69
II 31.6 76.27 33.01 1.41 1.04 0.04 2.41 22.36 27.80
III 12.8 56.93 16.12 3.52 1.28 0.28 4.52 3.58 11.17
IV 6.8 7.29 6.87 0.07 1.01 0.01 1.07 94.56 3.57
  ü狓:R©ö,†A;犛2:ö,†AÒØ;犿:R©FgA;I:DavidMoore»ë;L:Lloyd»ë;CA:Kuno»ë;犆:if]ë;犓:Wå´=>
ȑ
;λ:GO`¯©ë
Note:狓:Meanofpopulationdensity;犛2:Varianceofpopulationdensity;犿:Meancrowding;I:DavidMooreindex;L:Lloydindex;CA:
Kunoindex;犆:Coefficientofdiffusion;犓:Twonegativebinomialindex;λ:Meanofpopulationaggregation
2.2.3 >?96E:—Œ2dI ÊöÌ«=>é
0~10cm610~20cm.ñMsA。Àì>?–A
TíY

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=>é0~10
cmTÊö¸á6qês,n=>é10~20cmTÊ
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=>é20~30cm630~40cmT
Êöèûƒ
(1%~2%)ÍîJ(0%)(ë3)。
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Ú*-6ô?-TsA„…†‡ˆ‰

ë4)。
=3 c~%&րPoAŒpP2Ÿ >±
Fig.3 Distributionof犌狔狀犪犲狆犺狅狉犪犿犲狀狔狌犪狀犲狀狊犻狊underdifferentgrazingintensities
ü
:A.6@>?–Aœû”-.ÊöTR©=>sA;B.6@>?–Aœû”-.ÊöTÒ"m%=–Ý
Note:A.Averagedistributionheightof犌狔狀犪犲狆犺狅狉犪犿犲狀狔狌犪狀犲狀狊犻狊underdifferentgrazingintensities
B.Verticalspacedistributionrateof犌狔狀犪犲狆犺狅狉犪犿犲狀狔狌犪狀犲狀狊犻狊underdifferentgrazingintensities
=4 oAŒpPuv>±{€Wgwx+,{€29)
Fig.4 Therelationshipbetweenthedistributionheightof犌狔狀犪犲狆犺狅狉犪犿犲狀狔狌犪狀犲狀狊犻狊andtheheightofplanteatenby犌.犿犲狀狔狌犪狀犲狀狊犻狊
491
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