免费文献传递   相关文献

Effects of Nitrogen Addition on Competitive Ability and Productive Performance of Legume-Grass Mixture

氮素添加对豆禾牧草种间竞争力与生产性能的影响



全 文 :!!"
"
!
!
!
#
!
#$%&!"
!
$&!
!
!
"
!
#
!
$
()*( (+,-.*/( .//)(
!!!
012
$
!
"
%
!
345&
!!
!012
!"#
!
10&116""
"
7
&899:&1006;0<"2&!012&0!&0"1
„V¢£|B“‹ŒÖz{,S(¯/}~
l
!
3
1
#
!
#
^¼úûü
1
#
ýiê
1
#
5ñÅ
1
#
!
$
1&
˜•();+-)>×Ø*++,
#
˜• âWv6
?"002!
%
!&
˜•Wp÷DÎ=-L\r>öSOP¬†¢
#
˜• âWv6
?"002!
&
@A
!
ÂÃ
>
pFðo-6
"
ðFðžDŠ
2
ð

÷ïÎă²o-MN1>öøWGEF¥/0
)
 ¡
!00=
-
!011
$o-øù
(
øI=qøù
(
Fðøùž
(
)ƒä¾
(
)ƒøùo6>o-MNº
)
œµ¶·
!
o-
(
×
Š‹>×_0øùª÷ï

åÓÔ®±
#
öøWG°Æ
)
Fðøùž
(
)ƒä¾ª÷ï

åôI¢·Ó
)
֕

å
#
Fðo-¥öSÌï I
#
F*o-MN1kl
#
Èð-MN1®±
)
֕

3uÇFð²-LöøWG
°Æ
#
Œ¢uÇ+áW-3‹¥pÀMN#$
)
BCD
!
Fð²-L
%

֕
%
F𲞭
%
öøWG
%
MN1
EFGHI
!
.12"&>1
!!!!!!!!
JKLMN
!
(
!!!!!
JOPI
!
1006;0<"2
$
!012
&
0!;0G44,-%+"4A#%0"
B
,(8!!#%#"("(."1
2
,%#%#P,89#6#%

/(!)0"!&-%#P,
),04"01/(-,"43,
B
&1,ID0/++7#T%&0,
TU-+PK8
1
#
!
#
_84:4K5
W
D%8
1
#
*(++4$;5$:
W
1
#
TUQ_8:;EI$:
W
1
#
!
$
1&)$%K
W
K$J[54H4GD%HD54%4:M-:^85$:BK:H4%.G8K:GK
#
V8:
7
84:
W
(
W
58GD%HD54%Q:8^K598H
F
#
Q5DB
Y
8
#
V8:
7
84:
W
?"002!
#
)I8:4
%
!&V8:
7
84:
W
gK
F
N4Z$54H$5
F
$J+5499%4:M,K9$D5GK94:M-G$%$
WF
#
Q5DB
Y
8
#
V8:
7
84:
W
?"002!
#
)I8:4
&
89+%0/-%
!
*IK8:J%DK:GK9$J:8H5$
W
K:
$

&
4MM8H8$:$:HIKG$B
L
KH8H8^K4Z8%8H
F
4:M
L
5$MDGH8^K
L
K5J$5B4:GK$J
%K
W
DBK;
W
5499B8aHD5K9CK5K4:4%
F
EKM8:HI89
L
4
L
K5&*IK5K9D%H99I$CKMHI4HHIKJ$54
W
K
F
8K%M
#
)[
F
8K%M4:M
--
F
8K%M4JHK54MM8:
W
98
W
:8J8G4:H%
F
8:G5K49KM&*IK
L
5$MDGH8^K
L
K5J$5B4:GK$JHIK9K
L
4HHK5:9C4998
W
:8J8;
G4:H%
F
8B
L
5$^KM&*IK%K
W
DBK
"
W
5499
F
8K%M
#
W
54994:M%K
W
DBK5K%4H8^KMK:98H
F
4JHK54MM8:
W
M8M:$H98
W
:8J8;
G4:H%
F
GI4:
W
KM
#
8:M8G4H8:
W
HI4HHIKKG$%$
W
8G4%:8GIK$J%K
W
DBK4:M
W
5499I4MM8JJK5K:H84H8$:&*IKG$B
L
KH8;
H8^K4Z8%8H
F
$J%K
W
DBKMKG5K49KM
#
CIK5K49HIKG$B
L
KH8H8^K4Z8%8H
F
$J
W
54998:G5K49KM&*IK5KJ$5K
#
HIK
L
5$MDG;
H8^K
L
K5J$5B4:GK$J%K
W
DBK;
W
5499B8aHD5K9C498B
L
5$^KM
#
HIKG$B
L
KH8H8^K
L
4HHK5:9$J%K
W
DBK4:M
W
5499
C49D:MK5B8:KM4JHK54MM8:
W
&
:,

;"0!+
!
NK
W
DBK;
W
5499B8aHD5K
%
8H5$
W
K:4MM8H8$:
%
38aKM54H8$9$J%K
W
DBK4:M
W
5499
%
[5$MDGH8^K
L
K5;
J$5B4:GK
%
)$B
L
KH8H8^K4Z8%8H
F
2345
!
01<;0<;1?
%
6745
!
01<;1!;0=
89:;
!
()ÉUVWŠ)*/[H
$
!0100"0!"
&%
&*+,tXWŽ½*?[H
0
¯ƒ»‘ôI¥~cKV§—)*ï^
1
$
VA(02020<02
&%
˜•Wp÷DÎ=Ɖ*/MNOPHI
$
V_-AQ!01!/1=
&%
˜•Wp÷DÎ=*?K•HI
$
!011=1!!<
&
\_
<=>?
!

$
1=6?;
&#
b
#
o¥`ñg
#
hi
#
123
#
/0lmn-LöS—õ=öS
#
-;B48%
!
EC0>2
!
1!>&G$B
!!
|$ög´-L+᜝Ÿn#¸
#
3‹WŸ
¦
%
£Í+ᯠpöSÌƾ)„
(
öSô„Ÿ
è
#
pÀMNŸnX¶
#
+á¥3‹WMW-
+
1
,
)
b:lB
#
)Ç$$éê
#
™šI ñh
;
ñe$Ç
¢Åã&S
#
½ãg´-L™šI û¥Sq
+
!
,
)
g´-L¸ 
#
u{î¹ÏI 
#
./™šø
I&*
#
®Do- å
(
 ¬
#
îX¾
#
j¸Ì
Bâøùîï
#
dGîïo-íöG1
+
"
,
)
Œ=µ
¸hAù¥ ¬
#
¢ˆežû ¬¥@Z>Jj
+
<
,
#
°ežû²¥F*>ðX*o-pÀMN*K#
$Rö.ô
+
2
,
)
*Ç|$öFð²-L¸ ¥/
0
#
üýw&ª¸ ƒFð²-LöøWG
(
™š
I EFClB
+
>
,
#
È*ÇFð²-L¸hœ 
åFðo-¥pÀMN)*{—)…½ã¥+á3
‹WôI*ùŸç
+
6;?
,
)
—ƒ|$öFð²-L
íõ>,j&‡ª¥öøWG¢3‹
(
™š 1k
lCï^
#
{¢£²p“6²ž­¥|$öF
ð²-Lnƒ„
#
žŸ¢£œ÷ïÎÄk9²
!!
# )
!
êC
!
œn÷ïƒFðo-pÀMN1>öøWG¥EF
¯‰Fðo-¥MN1—%öøWG
#
&‚œn÷
ïƒ|$öFð²-LpÀMN#
n
¬?|$öFð²-L¥3ø
(
Æø°±Oý¤
¥
)
<
!
QRSTU
<&<
!
VWXYZ
…†LPÌǘ•Wp÷DÎ=wxUÛÿD
Î:"BçLr2¥"Bíª
$
-?1k0"l
#
?1k02l
#
#
<"k12l
&#
‹ßŽã=®.áD»
‘“‚
)
$Åß¾
!&6d
#
$ÅlÎù
21!BB
)
…
†è=1$Lþ.n>E-L
$
ãL-Š
&#
!00?
$
µ\n|$ög´-L
)
õ/üýû 3<£G
$
>1(<:)$-"1<$)
&(
-.ÁB
$
,C7(<$)
?
1&*"-)$)
&(
-.ÿs-
$
."1&-$:<
?
1&*"-)"
&(
;}tp
$
2$

:6
7&1$&<&%1(
?
C
@
77&
&
C
)
ÿ¾
>2b
#
100b
#
-àÆ
!2
#
?2GB
)
™šn–1™
)
<&=
!
VWQRS[ÂvÌE
$
P&%*
@
7$)

7(<"1&*&
&(
<£G
(
u
J-
$
,C7":<
?
1&*"-)"
&(
!"~
$
!"#$%&

()&*$6
+&
&(
ÜF-
$
F-(=1
@
%C$)+$%$&"
H
(7$&
&
6܁}
$
01$
H
(7$:<
?
1&*"-)"
&
n…†«¬
)

1
1‚°
M…†
)
¸ ÍÀª
!00=
#
!010
#
!011

2

À
$
 å#
&#
¸ l‡n¶¸
#
€¾
!
#
"GB
)
­v
<>b
¥Fnyn

¤r
)
]
<
!
B“S|ŒXS|óô
(
|ßS„V¢£ß
*4Z%K1
!
38aKM9$C8:
W
54H8$4:M9$C8:
WY
D4:H8H
F
$J%K
W
DBK;
W
5499B8aHD5K `
W
*
IB
R!
²¯‰
38aKM
L
4HHK5:9
Fðž
Nj+
üè
DBZK5
²p“
38aKM9
L
KG8K9
²ù
.$C8:
W
Y
D4:H8H
F

֕
4MM8H8$:

2;1
38aKM2
9
L
KG8K;1
2
/
2
<
/
>
"
/
6
(
@
)
ÌE
$
P&%*
@
7$)

7(<"1&*&
&#
<£G
$
>1(<:)$-"1<$)
&#
uJ-
$
,C7":<
?
1"*"-)"
&#
!"~
$
!"#$%&

()&*$+&
&#
܁}
$
01$
H
(7$:<
!
(1&*"-)"
&
"0&0
"0&0
"0&0
100
120
!00

2;!
38aKM2
9
L
KG8K9;!
2
/
2
<
/
>
"
/
6
A
-
]
ÌE
$
PB

7(<"1&*&
&#
<£G
$
>B$-"1<$)
&#
uJ-
$
,B
?
1"*"-)"
&#
!"~
$
!B)&*$+&
&#
ÜF-
$
F-(=1
@
%C$)B+$%$&"
H
(7$&
&
"6&2
"6&2
"6&2
100
120
!00

<;1
38aKM<
9
L
KG8K9;1
2
/
2
<
/
>
"
/
6
+
U
/
ÌE
$
PB

7(<"1&*&
&#
<£G
$
>B$-"1<$)
&#
!"~
$
!B)&*$+&
&#
܁}
$
0B(1&*"-)"
&
"0&0
"0&0
"0&0
20
100
120

<;!
38aKM<
9
L
KG8K9;!
2
/
2
<
/
>
"
/
6
_
g
N
ÌE
$
PB

7(<"1&*&
&#
<£G
$
>B$-"1<$)
&#
!"~
$
!B)&*$+&
&#
ÜF-
$
FB+$%$&"
H
(7$&
&
"6&2
"6&2
"6&2
20
100
120

";1
38aKM"
9
L
KG8K9;1
2
/
2
<
/
>
"
/
6
3

O
ÌE
$
PB

7(<"1&*&
&#
<£G
$
>B$-"1<$)
&#
!"~
$
!B)&*$+&
&
"0&0
"0&0
"0&0
0
20
100

";!
38aKM"
9
L
KG8K9;!
2
/
2
<
/
>
"
/
6
[
S
,
ÌE
$
PB

7(<"1&*&
&#
<£G
$
>B$-"1<$)
&#
ÜF-
$
FB+$%$&"
H
(7$&
&
"6&2
"6&2
"6&2
0
20
100
<&>
!
4g¼ÖmgLÅÆ
…†#À6éê
"
±
#
ŪÏ[#
"
½"#DŠ
$
!00=
$
>
%
1>
“
(
!010
$
>
%
"0
“6
!011
$
>
%
"0
“
&)
Š‹-øù
(
׊‹sù
$
G5DMK
L
5$;
HK8:
#
)[
&(
×_0sù
$
KHIK5KaH54GH
#
--
&#
YÕ´
ø-ù}*û
)[
6
--
øù
)
<&?
!
ijÅÆ
uv)ƒøùo6
$
5K%4H8^K
F
8K%MH$H4%
#
,X*
&
6MN1
$
G$B
L
KH8H8^K54H8$
#
),
&
¤Š¾¸

ƒF
ðo-MN1¥EF
+
1
#
>
,
)
uv
.[..!1

*C$;C4
F
(O#(
DŠl¦ ¡
(
M*Tަ
)
=
!
-lSGk
=&<
!
¢£„V|stS|ï&(¯/}~
֕

å
#
13¯‰o-øùÅîï
)
%&
#
A
20b
¥¯‰3
@
#
)
#
A
#
]
#
+
#
U
#
g
#
N
#

#
O
%
%¨¯‰o-øù
!2b
#
20b

$
/
1
&%
9ðFðžo-øùÅÓÔîï
$
,
$
0&02
&)
%&
#
Fðž

o-øùî„ÝÆ
#
ÈF
ðž
2j2
o-øùî„Ýè
)
®7

÷ïù¥î
ï
#
o-øùz®±ø[
%
d9ð

ÎÄo-øù
ÅÓÔÆÇX÷ï$j
$
,
$
0&02
#
/
!
&)
!!
֕

å
#
13¯‰>9ðFðž
/,
øù6
"!<
!!
"
!
#
!
$
!
!"
"
55
øùÅîï
)
Fðž

¥
/,
øùî„Ý
Æ
#
ÈFðž
2j2
¥
/,
øùî„Ýè
%
Fðž
"j6
¥
55
øùî„ÝÆ
#
Fðž
2j2
¥
55
øù
î„Ýè
)
®7

¥îï
#
55
øùz®±ø[
%
d


ÎÄ
/,
øù
(
55
øùÅÓÔÆÇX÷ï
$j
$
,
$
0&02
#
/
<
&)
F
<
!
A
¢£#stS|ï&/‹ŒßSb0¤#ß
]8
W
&1
!
]$54
W
K
F
8K%M4:M:DH58K:H
F
8K%M$JM8JJK5K:HB8aKM
L
4HHK5:94JHK54MM8:
W
8:M8JJK5K:H
Y
D4:H8H
FW
54M8K:H9
F
=
!
st
A
}†SstB“󋌐ß
(
æqrß)æZ[ß
]8
W
&!
!
]$54
W
K
F
8K%M
#
/,
F
8K%M4:M55
F
8K%MD:MK5M8JJK5K:H
Y
D4:H8H
FW
54M8K:H94:MM8JJK5K:HB8aKM%K
W
DBK
!
W
549954H8$9
ù
!
¢£èœ€¶‚£:PTª¢£$jk¦§ÓÔW
$
,
$
0&02
&)

$HK
!
A8JJK5K:H%KHHK598:HIK94BK8:MKaBK4:98
W
:8J8G4:HM8JJK5K:GK94B$:
W
M8JJK5K:HH5K4H94H,
$
0&02&*IK94BK49ZK%$C
=&=
!
¢£„V|stS|ï&B“‹Œz{,/
}~
֕

å
#
13¯‰
L[0
Åîï
%
¯‰
A
#
-
#
]
#
U
¥
/L
X
îï
#
È%w¯‰–ñç
$
/
"
&)
֕

$j
L[0
ÓÔW;Ç
)g
$j
%
)g
¥
/L
X
ÓÔ;Ç÷ï

$j¥
#
d&
(
Ð

$j¥
/L
X
;ǟÆ

¥
$
/
<
&)
֕

å
#
Fðž
2
j2
¥
L[0
îï
#
È
/L
X
ñç
#
d
L[0
>
)g
3
ÓÔW¦§
%
Fðž

¥
L[0
ÓÔ;Ç
)g
$
,
$
0&02
&#
/L
X
}ñç
%
Fðž
"j6
ˆ3
L[0
îï
#
/L
X
}ñç
%
/L
X
®7F𲞭¥îï
Èzîïø[
)
>
!
€S-€
֕

å
#
X/0&9²¯‰¥o-øù
(
׊
‹øù
(
×_0øùÅÓÔ./
)
]ÙynF*o-
mð-Q\¥

ŸÑ‚É 6r÷ï

¥¨G
+
6
,
#
T
ƒ‚²Fðo-ƒœ\r¥MN
#
°Æ-LöøW
G
)
ŒÙ]pöøWG¥°±Y¢Ù®7÷ï

ù¥
îïÈz”Wîïø[
#
o-øù
(
׊‹øùª
20
`
W
*
IB
R!
¥

÷ïÎÄk!-¿ÝÆË
)
ƒ

֕
-¿:‹ÎÄå
#
-Löø1¢í°Æ
+
6
,
)
=µF*o->ð-²Í
#
GAæF*o-3
œG1
#
ߢ²-Lº23o-6
"
˜øù¥Z
!!
# )
!
êC
!
œn÷ïƒFðo-pÀMN1>öøWG¥EF
F
>
!
A
¢£#stS|ï&/Ý|ß-mSB~‹Œz{w
]8
W
&"
!
,K%4H8^KH$H4%
F
8K%M
#
G$B
L
KH8H8^K54H8$9$J
W
54994:M%K
W
DBKD:MK5M8JJK5K:H
B8aKM
L
4HHK5:94JHK54MM8:
W
8:M8JJK5K:H
Y
D4:H8H
FW
54M8K:H9
F
?
!
st
A
}†SstB“óÝ|ß-mSB“‹Œ/z{w
]8
W
&<
!
,K%4H8^KH$H4%
F
8K%M
#
G$B
L
KH8H8^K54H8$9$J
W
54994:M%K
W
DBKD:MK5M8JJK5K:H
Y
D4:H8H
FW
54M8K:H9$J
4MM8:
W
4:MM8JJK5K:HB8aKM%K
W
DBK
!
W
549954H8$9
[
%
=µð-MN1AX
#
$ÊF*o-ö÷
#

²+á

±¯ÎÄ¢±ml
#
ߢ²-LºuG
¢23o-6
"
˜øù¥Z[
+
6
,
)
)…u³
#

o-À¥MN1ÙEF²+á

ÎÄ¥Oýy
n
)
X/0&
#
X֕

Í
#
13¯‰ð->F*o
-!øööSÌ I
$
L[0
#
1
&#
9²¯‰23ruvϺZ[
%
d;É ¯‰ð-MN1;ÇF*
o-
)
֕

å
#
13¯‰ð->F*o-öSÌ
D:~ I
$
L[0
Ëîï
&#
13¯‰ð-MN1O
;ÇF*o-
#
%&Fðž
2j2
6

ð-MN1
D:~îï
#
È13Fðž$jF*o-MN1•É
kl
)
]pMN#$¥ôI
#
*8B4:
+
?
,
VnÙ

֕
j=pƒ

¥MNQmƒˆ\r¥MN
#
ÙöSK
&õ=ÉÊW\rQIžû¥œµ
)
pJK
+
1
,
!
aÝÙ
#

#
µv
&
ä¾
(
¸ 6éêƒÑ`Æ.²g´
-L=pMN16MNCY¥EF
+
_
,
&
0:;++¹
!
DE
*+¼
#
!011
#
<6
$
>
&!
>!;>?
+
!
,
!
#8H$D9K` [3
#
U$C45HI,P&8H5$
W
K:%8B8H4H8$:$:%4:M4:M
8:HIK9K4
!
U$CG4:8H$GGD5
+
_
,
&@8$
W
K$GIKB89H5
F
#
1==1
#
1"
$
!
&!
?6;112
+
"
,
!
@KMJ$5MN@
#
P4%Z58M
W
K3,
#
(%89$:(&[4HHK5:98::DH58K:H
4^48%4Z8%8H
F
4:M
L
%4:HM8^K598H
F
$JHKB
L
K54HD5K:$5HI(BK58G4
CKH%4:M9
+
_
,
&-G$%$
WF
#
1===
#
?0
$
6
&!
121;!1>=
+
<
,
!
Õ7
#
uݫ
#
¡ƒ
#
C
&
¸œÎÄ>l‡ƒ–G-ö=+8
W6àSßsù¥EF
+
_
,
&
-)+¹
#
!010
#
1=
$
1
&!
10";11!
+
2
,
!
+D3 U
#
A$:
W
.g
#
AD+T&/:HK59
L
KG8J8G8:HK54GH8$:98:Z8;
:45
F
B8aHD5K9$J57
@
<:)-:*&-)
#
9")*:%&)$-"-)$)4:M9")*:%&
(+$-&$:HIKK49HK5:S8:
W
I48;*8ZKH4:
L
%4HK4D
+
_
,
&KCTK4%;
4:M_$D5:4%$J(
W
58GD%HD5K,K9K45GI
#
!00=
#
2!
$
!
&!
161;166
+
>
,
!
Ãԝ
#

#
Ƹ
#
C
&
~
(
<£G¸²>²ƒ™š3
›q6¹ÏI ¥EF
+
_
,
&
-L+¹
#
!00=
#
16
$
1
&!
!;!>
+
6
,
!

#
Íýâ
#
ÏDû
&
æ.L=ð
;
F²-Lö=3œy
v/0
+
_
,
&
-)+¹
#
!010
#
1=
$
>
&!
6>;!?0
+
?
,
!
*8%B4:A&.KG$:M45
F
9DGGK998$:4:MHIK
L
4HHK5:$J
L
%4:HM$B8;
:4:GK4%$:
W
Ka
L
K58BK:H4%:8H5$
W
K:
W
54M8K:H9
+
_
,
&-G$%$
W
8G4%
3$:$
W
54
L
I9
#
1=?6
#
26
$
"
&!
1?=;!1<
$
%&(
!
)*+
&
2!<