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Effects of Foliar Boron Application on the Yield and Quality of Alfalfa Seed

叶面喷施硼肥对紫花苜蓿种子产量和质量的影响



全 文 :!23" !6#
 Vol.23  No.6
! " # $
ACTA AGRESTIA SINICA
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  Nov.  2015
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2014$x2oh-Q80.77%e35.71%,0.371%l-Α­hËÆB¢ÇQ、ÆBƢӆ×、3ӆƢ
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,2013e2014$JÜÆÝx2¾604.38e322.76kg·hm-2,oh-
Ý71.35%e37.37%,víJÕÃxox2oh-Â^10.24%e21.11%,JܬS²x2oh-Îs5.16%
e10.55%。%F³‰ï¡°udÐ-ªs~»G×x˜,!"Â^UVJÜݺevíJÕ×,Îs¬S²,l
°¤¥˜òºx×¾0.371%ª­—Çߙ。
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:S541.9    [\]^_:A     [`aZ:10070435(2015)06132907
犈犳犳犲犮狋狊狅犳犉狅犾犻犪狉犅狅狉狅狀犃狆狆犾犻犮犪狋犻狅狀狅狀狋犺犲犢犻犲犾犱犪狀犱犙狌犪犾犻狋狔狅犳犃犾犳犪犾犳犪犛犲犲犱
YUANZhu1,SUNYan1,LUJixiao1,GUOYupin2,FENGZirong1
(1.GrasslandResearchInstituteofChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Beijing100193,China;
2.ColegeofAnimalScienceandTechnology,HebeiNorthUniversity,Zhangjiakou,HebeiProvince075000,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:BasedontheanalysisofsoileffectiveboroncontentinalfalfaseedproductionfieldatEketuoqi
areaofInnerMongolia,themassfractionsof0.229%,0.371%and0.600%boraxsolutionwereusedfor
foliarsprayatfloweringstageindifferentyearsofalfalfa(犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪)fortwoconsecutiveyears.
Theeffectsoffoliarsprayontheyieldandqualityofalfalfaseedwerestudiedtoprovideascientificbasis
forthefertilizerapplicationofalfalfaseedproduction.Theresultsshowedthatboronaffectedtheleafand
podweightperplant,seedset,seedyieldandqualityofalfalfainmaturestage,andtheboraxsolutionof
0.600%hadthebesteffectontheleafweight,whichincreasedby80.77%and35.71%comparedtocon
trolin2013and2014,respectively.The boraxsolutionof0.371%significantlyincreasedpodweightper
plant,racemesperplant,podnumberperraceme,seednumberperpod,seedyieldandquality,thehigh
estseedyieldin2013and2014were604.38and322.76kg·hm-2,increasedby71.35%and37.37%
comparedtocontrol.Thepercentagesofnormalseedlingincreased10.24%and21.11%,whereashard
seedratesdecreased5.16%and10.55%,respectively.Theseresultsindicatethatthefoliarapplicationof
properconcentrationofboronfertilizercanimprovethereproductivealocation,seedyieldandnormal
seedlingratioofalfalfasignificantly,anddecreasehardseedratio.Basedonoveralconsiderationofthere
sults,themassfractionof0.371%hasthebesteffect.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:Alfalfa;Boron;Seedset;Seedyield;Seedquality
CDEF
:20141008;GHEF:20150115
IJKL

>W5`ݪ®]ÓI
(CARS35);>W“øÁ—”<®—,V܈/(2011BAD17B0102)B
MNOP


(1991),‚,./Á…,½‡DEG,Š‹Œ5`JÜGÝDE,Email:yuanzhu30725@gmail.com;‘’“ Au
thorforcorrespondence,Email:ctsoffice@163.com
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ApriltoAugustin2013and2014
v1 2013{2014Ðgh¥ #ˆRm£É¼
Table1 Themainsoilphysicochemicalpropertiestestedin2013and2014

Years
pH
Ùzò
Organicmatter
/mg·kg-1
ٗ¦
Ammoniumnitrogen
/mg·kg-1
ٗ
Ammoniumphosphorus
/mg·kg-1
±—l
Availablepotassium
/mg·kg-1
ٗ-
Availableboron
/mg·kg-1
2013 9.04 9.85 16.30 4.23 106.14 2.03
2014 9.09 11.40 20.53 7.00 116.00 2.38
  Ô:iw×YqXŸ©ªüTO…iwÙ;AÍ@]¥~×Y¸NX/V­4,<)-ŽeßABCDEF
Note:WeatherdatawerefromtheWeatherBureauofEketuoqiareainInnerMongolia;themainphysicochemicalpropertiesdatawerefrom
theInstituteofPlantNutritionandResources,BeijingAcademyofAgricultureandForestingSciences
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v2 2013{2014І‡@=ÊF
Table2 Thegrowthperiodin2013and2014/MouthDay
$
Year
82#
Seedling
stage
x§#
Branching
stage
a¸#
Bud
stage
zÓ#
Initialflower
stage
cÓ#
Majorflower
stage
Æ¢z#
Initialpod
stage
Æ¢#
Pod
stage
Æ¢c#
Majorpod
stage
dS#
Harvest
stage
2013 4-18 5-5 5-30 6-7 6-15 6-24 7-3 7-16 7-27
2014 4-20 5-5 5-18 5-30 6-18 7-1 7-13 7-25 8-2
W2 ()lm]¾FJ¶
Fig.2 Theplantheightsofdifferenttreatments
atmaturationstage
Ô

£¤3ͱÈ6aê!"
(犘<0.05),ͤ
Note:Differentsmallettersrepresentsignificantdifference
atthe0.05level,thesameasbelow
2.3 ]¾F¥*i˜=>?
ï¡£¤dÐBª>,7à#ž?—FyÖl
GºNoÆÇ

È3)ÈÉ:2013$,FyÖGº
(%†¾wQ>¢ÇQ>³Q;2014$,B3¾@
eCK¾wQ>¢ÇQ>³Q,B1eB2¾@¾¢
ÇQ>wQ>³Q。B2¾@s˜!"Â^ÆB³
Qe¢ÇQ
(犘<0.05),e$°TÆǸÈaSÆ
B³QÊ-dÐlË̝Ë
,B3¾@x2oCK
Q+80.77%e35.71%,ÆB¢ÇQƒ—²>Í
Î

”B2¾@åæß(I,x2oCKQ+31.
65%e34.68%。ï¡Bª,hÆBwQémd,
F¾@ù*åaê!"Œã

¢2$°TÆǸÈ
aSB2>B1,B3>CK。
v3 ]¾F¥*i˜=>?
Table3 Thegroundbiomassoforgansatmaturationstage/g·plant-1
¾@
Treatments
2013 2014
³Q
Leafweight
¢ÇQ
Podweight
wQ
Stemweight
³Q
Leafweight
¢ÇQ
Podweight
wQ
Stemweight
CK 0.26c 1.39b 2.11a 0.14b 1.24b 1.35a
B1 0.34bc 1.62ab 2.31a 0.17ab 1.63a 1.38a
B2 0.45ab 1.83a 2.67a 0.18a 1.67a 1.40a
B3 0.47a 1.68ab 2.37a 0.19a 1.35b 1.36a
  sû3su,ï¡BªÙÂ^G×x˜l—
Ç
。2013$°TÆÇ!6Bª¾@lG×x˜o
^HCK,¢*å!"aêŒã。2014$°TÆÇ
!6B2¾@lG×x˜o!"^HžÒ¾@(犘<
0.05),¾52.54%,x2o CK,B1e B3Â^+
15.22%,3.28%e11.81%。
2.4 ¦¨£?9£?ÃX
0È4F6,2013$°TÆÇ:GקvOÐ、
3ӆƢ×e3¢ÇJÜיBªémd,F
¾@ùaê£!"

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(犘<0.05),B2¾@
ÆBƢӆ×ß^

å20.82[·B-1,oCK
Ë+8.29[·B-1;3ӆÓ×Ê\BªdН
Ë]—²^Ã

åÄQÊ\BdÐlË]ÍÎ^
W3 ()ÐÛ]¾F=™XÁ
Fig.3 Thereproductivealocationofalfalfa
atmaturationstageindifferentyears
Ã

ž=B3¾@sHCK。”JÜݺˆ‰,ï¡B
ªJÜݺe„æ!"Â^
(犘<0.05),ž=B2¾
@lݺß^

å604.38kg·hm-2,oCKJÜÝ
ºÂ^71.15%。
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!6# H ‘¡:³‰ï¡-ªh¦ÓUVJÜݺeòºlém
£¤¾@UVJÜݺAB^

G×x˜o˜
¶Ýº6xñùM=I×(%†g4¾

3ӆ
Æ¢×
(犚2=0.963)>ÆBƢӆ×(犚2=
0.872)>3¢ÇJÜ×(犚2=0.840)>G×x˜
(犚2=0.832)>7à#B^(犚2=0.782)>G×
§vOÐ
(犚2=0.778)>åÄQ(犚2=0.572)。
v4 2013ÐÈlm/†‡¦¨£?9£?ÃX@AB
Table4 Theeffectsofdifferenttreatmentson
seedyieldandyieldcomponentsin2013
¾@
Treatments
CK B1 B2 B3
GקvOÐ
Twig/No.·m-2
114.78a 115.67a 113.78a 115.32a
ÆBƢӆ×
Numberofpodded
inflo./plant
12.53c 15.29bc 20.82a 18.84ab
3ӆÓ×
Numberof
flower/inflo.
16.39b 17.70ab 17.61ab 17.87a
3ӆƢ×
Numberofpod/inflo.
5.74a 6.54a 6.40a 5.75a
3¢ÇJÜ×
Numberofseed/pod
6.75a 6.91a 7.52a 7.21a
åÄQ
Thousandseedweight/g
2.016ab 2.077a 2.066a 1.959b
JÜݺ
Seedyield/kg·hm-2
353.12c 427.75b 604.38a 386.26bc
0È5F6,2014$°TÆÇÈÉGקvO
ÐeåÄQ™Bªémd,F¾@ùaê£!
"

ÆBƢӆ

3ӆÓ×

3ӆ¢Ç×e
3¢ÇJÜ×aêå!"Œã
(犘<0.05),¸ ¾B2
¾@ß^

ï¡Bªe!"Â^JÜݺ(犘<
0.05),ž = B2 ¾ @ l Ý º ß ^,å 322.76
kg·hm-2,oCKJÜݺÂ^37.37%。
£¤¾@UVJÜݺAB^

G×x˜o˜
¶Ýº6xñùM=I×(%†g4¾

ÆBÆ
¢Ó†×
(犚2=0.949)>3ӆƢ×(犚2=
0.904)>3¢ÇJÜ×(犚2=0.816)>7à#
B^
(犚2=0.717)>G×x˜(犚2=0.693)>G×
§vOÐ
(犚2=0.632)>åÄQ(犚2=0.629)。
2.5 ¦¨Â?
sÈ6su,2$lJÜúÖÃevíJÕÃ
xoZ§ò*
,Bª¾@víJÕ×!"^HCK
(犘<0.05),ž=B2¾@ß^,2015$e2014$x
2¾38.22%e33.78%,oCKÂ^+10.24%e
21.11%。”JܬS²—,2013$°TÆÇÈa
¾B3>CK >B1>B2,2014$Èa¾CK >B3>
B1>B2,˜ÉuºdÐBªs˜ÎsJܬS²。
v5 2014ÐÈlm/†‡¦¨£?ÃX@AB
Table5 Theeffectsofdifferenttreatmentson
seedyieldandyieldcomponentsin2014
¾@
Treatments
CK B1 B2 B3
GקvOÐ
Twig/No.·m-2
107.67a 106.67a 108.11a 107.78a
ÆBƢӆ×
Numberofpodde
dinflo./plant
14.38b 15.96a 16.73a 13.40b
3ӆÓ×
Numberofflower/inflo.
15.22c 17.18b 19.20a 17.07b
3ӆƢ×
Numberofpod/inflo.
10.01b 11.29ab 12.13a 10.36b
3¢ÇJÜ×
Numberofseed/pod
5.98b 6.16b 6.87a 6.18a
åÄQ
Thousandseedweight/g
2.120a 2.127a 2.150a 2.105a
JÜݺ
Seedyield/kg·hm-2
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v6 Èlm/†‡¦¨Â?@AB
Table6 Theeffectsofdifferenttreatmentsonseedquality

¾@
Treatments
2013 2014
víJÕ
Normal
seedling
¬S²
Hard
seed
víJÕ
Normal
seedling
¬S²
Hard
seed
CK 34.67ab 61.11ab 27.89c 69.89a
B1 38.00a 59.89b 30.67b 66.44b
B2 38.22a 58.11b 33.78a 63.22c
B3 32.56b 65.78a 29.44b 67.00b
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