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Effects of CO2 Concentration on Tall Fescue Drought Resistance and Water Use Efficiency

CO2浓度对高羊茅抗旱性及水分利用效率的影响分析



全 文 :!23" !3#
 Vol.23  No.3
! " # $
ACTA AGRESTIA SINICA
   2015$  5%
  May.  2015
犱狅犻:10.11733/j.issn.10070435.2015.03.011
犆犗2u)ÁËvKlwÐ1+,xt1NoÔÕ,c
šÓÔ

ÕÖÖ

× Ø

„ÀW÷à.Ü;UÉYé)¶ÀÁ\*T~ݓîÞ „ÀW÷à.ÉYé)./

„À100083)
67

_¶›CO2 ‡e<ÑYM(犉犲狊狋狌犮犪犪狉狌狀犱犻狀犪犮犲犪)^ ñQÉJ£¤>æIÕÖýO,:;]OYBÉJQ
àxCO2 ‡eNOôK‹Œñ(8ÑYMIñ5=JG,£¤
P<ÕÖÑYMÉJ£¤>æ

ÚFûæ

õ=ûæ—×ImV(ür5W‰£*¶JK

€a+›

Ñ
àxCO2 ‡e<¹4#žÑYMU:I‹>­ðây¤x¤,v¦ÑÑYMI^ñ;fÑàxCO2 ‡ej¹
4#Iõ†x¤

ÕÖÑYMÉJ£¤>æImV(ür˜àxCO2 ‡e,æŠ>­ÍñImVûü˜Ú
Fx¤I†Æ

ÑYMIõ=ûæQÚFûæmVýxNŸe@Oü¥IÕÖ

fÑàxCO2 ‡ej¹4
#õ†x¤Ž

ÚFûæ¶xNŸen¶ñ·ù

ç犚2 ˆ;0.97;æõ=ûæüýxNŸeÕÖC,i¶2ñ¥
¯"QÍhCO2 ‡e·ùœ‹,˜ø`ü¥³x¤I€a。
89:

ÑYM
;CO2 ‡e;¹4#;^ ñ;ÉJ£¤>æ
;<,-=
:Q945.78    >?@AB:A     >CD=:10070435(2015)03050208
犈犳犳犲犮狋狊狅犳犆犗2犆狅狀犮犲狀狋狉犪狋犻狅狀狅狀犜犪犾犉犲狊犮狌犲犇狉狅狌犵犺狋犚犲狊犻狊狋犪狀犮犲犪狀犱
犠犪狋犲狉犝狊犲犈犳犳犻犮犻犲狀犮狔
ZHANGXuexia,YANGLulu,HUAKai
(KeyLaboratoryofSoil& WaterConservationandDesertificationCombating& MinistryofEducation,
schoolofsoilandwaterconservation,BeijingForestryUniversity,Beijing100083,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:ToinvestigatetheinfluencingmechanismofCO2concentrationonthedroughtresistanceandwa
teruseefficiencyoftalfescue,thephysiologicalcharacteristics,wateruseefficiencyandmaincontribution
factoroftalfescuewereanalyzedbycontrolingsoilmoistureconditionsandatmosphericCO2concentra
tionintheexperiment.Themajorinfluencingfactoroftranspirationrateandnetphotosyntheticratewere
alsoanalyzedinthestudy.TheresultsshowedthathighatmosphericCO2concentrationhadcompensation
effectonthenegativeeffectsofdroughtstressandimprovedthedroughtresistanceoftalfescue.Inthe
meantime,itwasfoundthatatmosphericCO2concentrationwasthemainenvironmentalfactorofaffecting
thewateruseefficiencyoftalfescueundertheinteractionofhighatmosphericCO2concentrationand
droughtstress.Boththenetphotosyntheticrateandtranspirationrateoftalfescueweremainlyaffected
bystomatalrestrictivefactors.Therewaslinearrelationshipbetweenstomatalconductanceandtranspira
tionratewhenhighatmosphericCO2concentrationinteractedwithdroughtstress,and犚2exceeded0.97.
Inadditiontotheinfluenceofstomatalconductance,chlorophylcontentandintercelularCO2concentra
tionwerealsosignificantlyrelatedwithnetphotosyntheticrate.Sothenetphotosyntheticrateistheresult
ofcombinedeffectsofafewfactors.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:Talfescue;CO2concentration;Droughtstress;Droughtresistance;Wateruseefficiency
EFGH
:20140304;IJGH:20141117
KLMN

8yÑ¥2?-Ì÷RKß¿ÀÊ
(TD20106);¸ ¹“973”¼^(2010CB951101);à.ñி¥(G201410022007)ÀÁ
OPQR

–.•
(1975),á,r‚ͦ§,ÊË,ŒÜY,ÌÍփ_3S­¤,Email:xuexiazh@yeah.net
  R÷×íP:,àxCO2 ‡e‹ÿùú,éÝ
R÷×íáI280μmol·mol
-1
†÷_¥áI390
μmol·mol
-1[13]。
´b3j€a+›

?ØÙ÷à
xCO2 ‡eW}Ø700μmol·mol
-1[4]。
x_yÞ
x2ImVnJ

àxCO2 ‡eI†÷WÔU:y
eք

4Žv¤É†‡¥ùæÖ¾

<‘—\µ
öÔ<ž&Iñ·’;

Mò.HI

PQåUñ5
ýôÍñ0O6×hOIÕÖ
[24]。
ÑŞ&ñ5
<ñî(—\IÖ­

<ÞÌÍd:žŸJ=
Gðâ~VIx¤

!3# –.•:CO2‡e<ÑYM^ñQÉJ£¤>æIÕÖJK
¥áéâà"·ÞžŸ<àxCO2 ‡eÖ­
ýOIÌͽ¾

ÌÍ<Äø_\ljfwx
&
[46]。
ÝÞàxCO2 ‡eIùúµöÔì"|ý
I(—,
üN

fͧàxCO2 ‡e<žŸI
Õ֎iUͧ|ý(ürIx¤
[67],
¹˜z
šÌÍI(4#ürg¥
[67]。
§«
[2]
<†;
à"ÌÍ5W‰²€

ø_àxCO2 ‡e÷Ñâ£
ޞ&ñ·

Pvôf¶¹4#ŒŽ’ñŽlÏ
¹U:I‹>­

Ïæ¦ÑžŸI^ñ

Ñ¥
X
[7]
IÌ͒,àxCO2 I<`l>­"ž&
abQ»`I‹ŒvôîfSàIãR

y¯}
[8]
ø_

ÇÏ(ür<=x¤IÕÖ:~ïž&
<ÑCO2 ‡ej¹4#õ†x¤IÖ­˜‹”
I

i­WÚF†ÆU:Iy¤x¤Í§få

ü
_=jÚFŒ½ˆ‰ž&IÉJ£¤>æ

æ
ÉJ£¤>æ˜~ïž&f¹(©­ñI¥
A~Vz{
[3,9]。
üN‰ÝÉJ£¤>æ—\I
(×üQñ5×ü

P<|mV½ˆü¥
———
ÚF
ûæQõ=ûæIÕÖür5WJKðâvàI
µVñ

ÑYM
(犉犲狊狋狌犮犪犪狉狌狀犱犻狀犪犮犲犪)˜8¸„Ö­¤
ÞXmñ\j+ם]ÇImV]`g¥
[10]。
?
ÌÍ:;d¬ÉJ£¤>æ<¥³ñz{

ˆH
ÑYM<CO2 ‡ej¹4#I]OñíîGH,
JKÕÖ|ÉJñ5HII(jñ5×ü

_
(NO—\ƒ¨É

ÑÉJ£¤>æ]4»`p
“

Ñ>,É]Ç]I§RÔê¦R5’LH

1 STUVW
1.1 STUØg
íîþâ_ÑYM

)³3U’(‘AridIII’),Ð
ޟ?-YMÐø$ñ]?ž&

Þ2010$f„
ÀW÷à.]ÇÌÍnIíî24f`

Pf2011
$ð&¢%¬L©Z"

L©Îj_30cm×20
cm×25cm(†¿×¿×Ñe),‘©`žF?10
6

·•¬è

Ô5NOv¥
。2011$4%ÛÜ<
ñ·(5W]O

íîfFH230QyQ3"«
R85W

J͸¹{%xÄE„ÀTª†ÄÝ
54511(N39°48′,E116°28′)2007—2010$Iuv
ð

]O=à

3ePQ"«ye(ür

‹ò
CO2 ‡e–e A j B,YBÉJNO T1,T2j
T3[11],|lõ«FGß+1nÅ,‘AË5‹ò
3A~¡。íî°¤9~³]OYB¯É",eY
B¯É"C‹ˆIôɍ@ŽÛÜôÉ

}Øô
Ɇ@Ž«·

q1 犆犗2 u)+,y)oz{ߖ|[
Table1 OrthogonalcombinationsituationsofCO2concentrationandsoilmoisturegradientintheexperiment
CO2‡e
CO2concentration/μmol·mol-1
T1:70%~85%FC T2:55%~70%FC T3:40%~55%FC
ÉJàÜ
Sufficientsoilwatersupply
}e¹4#
Milddroughtstress
~e¹4#
Severedroughtstress
A:390 AT1 AT2 AT3
B:700 BT1 BT2 BT3
  •:FCÚ+Note:FCrepresentsfieldcapacity.T1,T2,T3standforthesoilmoistureof17.08%~20.74%,13.42%~17.08%and9.76%~
13.42%FC,respectively
1.2 ij}@
GHÞíîÑYMIFB#
(4—10%)°Ê,
°FŠ#_7d,"z{YZ=ñ5JG、2ñ
¥¯"PQ2.¯É"

1.2.1 ÙIkÚÛÜ@ÅA °¤Li6400ܬ
µ=x¤ˆùú5W=ñ5JGI"


"Žù_9:30—11:30。ˆŽp×ÑYMz†U
àJ“ÛI2.

‘A"~¡5~¢“uvð。
"IJGYZõ=ûæ
(netphotosynthetic
rate,Pn,μmol·m
-2·s-1)、ÚFûæ(transpira
tionrate,Tr,mmol·m-2·s-1)、xNŸe(stoma
talconductance,Gs,mol·m-2·s-1)jÍhCO2
‡ e
(intercelular CO2 concentration,Ci,
μmol·mol
-1)。
ÉJ£¤>æ
(wateruseefficien
cy,WUE,%)’à›µ(1)¼jKØ。
犠犝犈 =犘狀/犜狉 (1)
1.2.2 ÝÞßàsÅA ÑYM2.I2ñ¥¯
"
(chlorophylcontent,Chl,mg·g-1)°¤ø)µ
2ñ¥âSPAD5025W"。"Ž­Û2E,
‘6"5~“uvð。
1.2.3 Ýáàâs@ÅA ˆÄ~¢,W¼F
?24hS¹¼¹~,2.¯É"(leafwatercon
tent,LWC,%)’àP›µ[11]¼j:
犔犠犆=
(犉犠 -犇犠)
犉犠 ×100%
(2)
305
! " # $ !23"
µ8
,犉犠 _2.Ä~(freshweightofleaves,
FW,犵),犇犠 _2.¹~(dryweightofleaves,
DW,g)。
1.2.4 âzãäåæ@çèFGéêëì °¤
ߍ›µ
[3]
¼jñ·(—\P¢ÉJ£¤>æ
犠犝犈 ù·I‚eQ|äå:?:
Δ犠犝犈 =犠犝犈犪犳狋-犠犝犈狆狉犲犠犝犈狆狉犲
×100% (3)
犘犉犘 =
犘犪犳狋-犘狆狉犲
犘狆狉犲
(犘犪犳狋-犘狆狉犲
犘狆狉犲
+犜狆狉犲-犜犪犳狋犜犪犳狋

×100%
(4)
犘犉犜 =100%-犘犉犘 (5)
µ8
,Δ犠犝犈 _犠犝犈 Iù‚(%),犠犝犈狆狉犲j
犠犝犈犪犳狋J*_íîË5NO—\á¢I犠犝犈,犜狆狉犲
j犜犪犳狋J*_íîË5NO—\á¢IÚFûæ,
犘Ú+õ=ûæ,犘犉犘_=x¤÷Ñ<犠犝犈
Iäåæ
,犘犉犜 _ÚFx¤ƒ<犠犝犈 Iäå
æ

1.2.5 íîïÂð 犔狊 ž&2.Iõ=û
æ犘狀 ŒŽý(—\j_Pñ5HIIÕÖ,
xNŸe犌狊 <É®õ’ðâD]x¤,˜ÕÖ
ž&犘狀 —\I¥A~Vñ5V¥[3,8],-ˆHž
&`aI‹Œ
,犘狀 —\InüUVø֎ÍÍ,
Farquhar[12]í;ÌÍø_,犘狀 I;S8,
ßaÍh CO2 ‡e 犆犻 ,ŒŽxN@Oð
(stomatallimitation,Ls,%)ùà,uvPø_犘狀
ƒmV˜Ý犌狊 I—\dïI;{犘狀 I;
S8
,犆犻†÷,ŒŽ犔狊,ÜvPKq犘狀 
mV˜Ý™xN@Oü¥dïI€’
。犔狊 I¼
j›µ
[13]
ߍ

犔狊 = 1-
犆犻
犆( )犪 ×100% (6)
µ8
,犆犪 _àxCO2 ‡e。
1.3 ij,c
?Ó°¤SPSS12.0ÉO<ÑYMñ5JG
j(ür)F?GHÊ5Wlòöîj{%
ã¼j

€a+›

GHÊvãlòJ

F?
ÿ›œ[×

ö¢

ãJK

£¤¥z¶ñ´bIǗ"JKÖ³
JKÑYMñ5JG<(ürILNñ

°¤
Duncan(D)Ö³5WGHhIââtS,P‹ò
α=0.05。
2 mnU,c
2.1 ~–Ñlžio’),c
ÑCO2 ‡eQ¹4#<ÑYMI)=ñ
5JGùÍñ‰9àIÕÖ

€aß+2nÅ。
Œ¥CO2 ‡eNO,犘狀 ý¹4#IÕÖ
朅ƒ
。CO2 ‡e÷ÑP¢,犘狀 f)YBÉJ
NOùân¦Ñ

çý}ej~e¹4#IÕ
Ö

|‚eS CO2 ‡eSƒŽJ*†4‰
0.09%j1.59%,ÑCO2 ‡ef¥ˆSe†y¤‰
¹4#<犘狀 U:I‹ŽÕÖ。
犆犻"¹4#IúÃ朅†4。CO2 ‡e
Sƒ Ž
,犆犻 I — × L M _ 136.43~166.23
μmol·mol
-1。CO2 ‡e÷ÑP¢,|—×LM_
287.25~311.07μmol·mol
-1,
|z4ð
(BT3Ë
5

7àÞCO2 ‡eSƒŽIzàð(AT1Ë5)。


ÑCO2 ‡eIx¤>alω¹4#IÕ
Ö

£犆犻fÑCO2 ‡ej¹4#õ¯Õ֍ï
2Éuâ‰9àI¦Ñ

¹4#£犜狉 ƒ,æÑCO2 ‡eúÉ<
`—,
£犜狉 f}ej~e¹4#I‚
eJ*ùú‰4.07%j7.06%,¬àSe4XO‰
ž&2ÉJI’ë

¹4#Ix¤>aŒFfÑ
CO2 ‡eânùJIiâ犌狊 j犠犝犈。ž&2
ý¹4#IÕÖ

_©­(恃犌狊,XOÉ
®õ’

ÑCO2 ‡eŒFðâa,f2
`(õ¯Õ֍
,犌狊ï2Éuƒçƒ‚e"
¹4#úÃ

æ犠犝犈 ý¹4#jÑCO2 ‡
eIÕÖ+,ùú

ítöî(+3),œ‹ñÉuv
àÞ0.5。CO2 ÷ÑP¢,|ï2ÉuSCO2 ‡e
Sƒ Ž ⠉ S à I ¦ Ñ

J * ù à 59.32%,
59.27%j62.17%。
2.2 犆犗2 u)Fw€ÁËvK:A*+å
:^*åoÔÕ
߉1bnÅ,CO2 ‡eSƒŽ,犔犠犆I—×
LM_75.78%~69.05%,CO2 ‡e÷ÑP¢,|
—\LM_74.63%~74.09%。ÑCO2 ‡efv
àSe†y¤‰¹4#I‹>­

f}ej~e
¹4#J*£犔犠犆¦Ñ1.72%j5.58%,P
£)íîË5ÑYMI犔犠犆ï2uT4é)f
¥A¬


ÑCO2 ‡e<ÑYM
犔犠犆Il>­xyvPëQ¹4#I‹>­,â
£Þ|2.¯É"Ié)

405
!3# –.•:CO2‡e<ÑYM^ñQÉJ£¤>æIÕÖJK
q2 €犆犗2 u)&è+,_`áËvKo~–Ñlži
Table2 PhotosyntheticparametersofTalFescueunderdifferentCO2concentrationsandsoilmoistureconditions
Ë5
Treatments
õ=ûæ
犘狀/μmol·m-2·s-1
ÚFûæ
犜狉/mmol·m-2·s-1
ÉJ£¤>æ
犠犝犈/%
xNŸe
犌狊/mol·m-2·s-1
ÍhCO2‡e
犆犻/μmol·mol-1
T1 18.15 2.56 7.08 0.15 166.23
A T2 17.24 2.42 7.12 0.13 151.08
T3 16.31 2.24 7.27 0.11 136.43
T1 23.04 2.05 11.28 0.08 311.07
B T2 21.93 1.85 11.34 0.05 303.20
T3 21.07 1.65 11.79 0.03 287.25
  •:Pnnetphotosyntheticrate;TrTranspirationrate;WUEwateruseefficiency;Gsstomatalconductance;CiintercelularCO2concen
tration.Œ
Note:Pnnetphotosyntheticrate;TrTranspirationrate;WUEwateruseefficiency;Gsstomatalconductance;CiintercelularCO2concen
tration.Thesameasbelow
q3 uÁ‚`ƒ„â狋»×,cmn
Table3 Thettestresultsofpairedtwosampleformeans
Ë5
Treatments
AT1-BT1 AT2-BT2 AT3-BT3AT1-AT2AT1-AT3AT2-AT3BT1-BT2 BT1-BT3 BT2-BT3
ÉJ£¤>æ
Wateruseefficiency,犠犝犈
-0.512 6.514 -5.007 -2.028 0.952 1.640 1.359 5.459 -9.122
2ñ¥¯"
Chlorophylcontent,犆犺犾
-2.155 0.852 0.359 -0.744 -3.575 -2.155 1.499 -1.841 -3.105
2.¯É"
Leafwatercontent,犔犠犆
0.924 -0.886 -2.943 1.579 4.120 1.176 0.069 -0.235 -0.265
  •:,,J*+Åf0.5,0.1,0.01Éu†œ‹¬·。A,B,T1,T2,T3I¯¨Jª+1
Note:,,standforsignificantcorrelationat0.5,0.1and0.01levels,respectively.A,B,T1,T2,T3seethenotesoftable1
  ÑYMf‹Œ CO2 ‡ejYBÉJNO
I2ñ¥¯"犆犺犾߉1anÅ。<‹ŒF…
I2ñ¥¯"犆犺犾j2.¯É"犔犠C5Wtö
î

+3),€a+›,œ‹ñÉuv_0.5P†,
ðâú¼. ¨
。CO2 ‡eSƒŽ,"¹4#
IúÃ

ÑYM2å犆犺犾œ…ƒ。CO2 ‡e÷
Ñ¢
,犆犺犾f)ÉJ–eù⛜I¦Ñ,ç|
zƒð
(BT2)ÑÞCO2 SƒŽIzàð(AT1)。
Ïæ£2.¡ÉŸŠI2ñ¥J݆Æ

ŒŽ<
2ñ¥Iñ&n#Íñ‰â£IÕÖ

`YBÉJNOÑYMI犆犺犾,vÀCO2 ‡e
I÷Ñ<ÑYM犆犺犾Il>­f~e¹4#
z›œ

<1 €犆犗2 u)&è+,_`áËvK:A*+å1:^*åo’)
Fig.1 LeafwatercontentsandchlorophylcontentsofTalFescueunderdifferentCO2
concentrationsandsoilmoistureconditions
2.3 Fw€UCO2 u)o{…Ot
‹ŒíîË5ÑYMñ5JGIóü¥Öã
JK€aß+4nÅ,¹4#<ÑYM2.I
犜狉,犠犝犈,犌sPQ犆犻IÕÖv}Ø9œ‹Éu,à
505
! " # $ !23"
xCO2 ‡e<犠犝犈,犆犻Íñ9œ‹ÕÖ,<犜狉,犌狊
ÿœ‹ÕÖ

ÉJjCO2 ‡eIҌx¤€a+
,_
:2`(ür<犜狉,犠犝犈,犌狊 Q犆犻 vï؉
9œ‹Iõ†x¤

æ2`(ür°/â)_<
犘狀,犆犺犾j犔犠犆ï؜‹IÕÖ>a,#/â<|
ï؛œIõ†x¤

q4 &è+,犆犗2 u)ÁËvKÑlžio†’傇ˆVã,cmn
Table4 UnivariatetwofactoranalysisofvarianceofsoilmoistureandCO2concentrationonthe
physiologicalparametersoftalfescue
Ë5
Treatments
YBÉJ
Soilwater
CO2‡e
CO2concentration
YBÉJ×CO2‡e
SoilwaterW×CO2concentration
õ=ûæ F 0.490 1.910 1.120
Netphotosyntheticrate,犘狀 犘 0.615 0.171 0.330
ÚFûæ 犉 7.420 0.420 6.514
Transpirationrate,犜狉 犘 <0.001 0.519 <0.001
ÉJ£¤>æ F 10.698 10.896 10.471
Wateruseefficiency,犠犝犈 犘 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
xNŸe F 8.504 1.286 5.377
Stomatalconductance,犌狊 犘 <0.001 0.260 <0.001
ÍhCO2‡e F 10.793 10.929 10.196
IntercelularCO2concentration,犆犻 犘 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
2ñ¥¯" F 2.849 0.001 0.564
Chlorophylcontent,犆犺犾 犘 0.070 0.974 0.573
2.¯É" F 2.698 3.260 1.936
Leafwatercontent,犔犠犆 犘 0.080 0.079 0.158
2.4 ËvK+,xt1Nt7ÔՇˆ,c
‹Œ(—\犠犝犈 Iù‚Q=ù/jÚ
F†Æ<|Iäåtæß+5nÅ。
  Ý+5vÀ,CO2 ‡eùúj¹4#vâ£Þ
犠犝犈Iùú,-¹4#_ÑYM犠犝犈 Iù·U
:Iäå9|„Æ

zూ‹ˆ;5%,æCO2 ‡
eùúž犠犝犈U:Iù·æf60%€,Oè2`
(ü¥õ†x¤I²±‚
(66.59%)。vªf
CO2 ‡e÷Ñj¹4#Iõ†x¤,ÑCO2 ‡
e˜‡5ÑYM犠犝犈ù·ImV(ü¥。
q5 €Ö×klá+,xt1N犠犝犈 o‰Š‹1~–‰À、ŒŽ?o“N
Table5 Wateruseefficiency(犠犝犈)andcontributionratesofenhancedphotosynthesisanddecreased
transpirationrateunderdifferentexperimentaltreatments
¬<Ë5
Opposite
treatment
犠犝犈 Iù‚
Δ犠犝犈/%
=ù/
Iäåæ
犘犉犘/%
ÚF†Æ
Iäåæ
犘犉犜/%
¬<Ë5
Opposite
treatment
犠犝犈 Iù‚
Δ犠犝犈/%
=ù/
Iäåæ
犘犉犘/%
ÚF†Æ
Iäåæ
犘犉犜/%
BT1AT1 59.30 51.92 48.08 AT2AT1 0.60 -561.53 661.53
BT2AT2 59.29 47.08 52.92 AT3AT1 2.68 -216.36 316.36
BT3AT3 62.25 44.83 55.17 BT2BT1 0.59 -82.19 182.19
BT3AT1 66.59 22.54 77.46 BT3BT1 4.58 -46.83 146.83
  <¬ŒYBÉJNOI犘狀 Q犜狉 J*5W

vÀýCO2 ‡e÷ÑIÕÖ,=ù/
jÚF†ÆžΔ犠犝犈 U:IuväåæJ*_
48%j52%,ÚF†ÆIäå‹ÑÞ=ù/。-
ÝÞ¹4#XO犘狀 Iù·,æ<犜狉 ðâù
J>a

<`x¤9à4Õ։ÑCO2 ‡ej¹
4#õ†x¤=ù·jÚF<Δ犠犝犈I
ï2äå

£KBT3Ë5¬<AT1Ë58,=ù
·jÚFIäåæJ*_22.54%j77.46%,
犜狉 ƒn_犠犝犈 ÷ÑImVäåür。vªf
CO2 ‡e÷Ñj¹4#Iõ†x¤,ÑYMm
V:;ƒÚF:“,犠犝犈 Iù·。
2.5 Œ0N1Q~–0Not7ÔՇˆ,c
ú¼JK€a+›

+6),犌狊,犆犻,犆犺犾ù¶犘狀
f0.01Iœ‹eÉu†ßœ‹¬··ù,|8犌狊
¶犘狀 I¬·ùGˆ;0.5。¶犜狉œ‹¬·Iâ犌狊
j犆犻,笷ùGùˆ;0.5,:;α=0.01Iò6
öî

Ϭ·ùGIà4:Ú
,犌狊¶犘狀,犜狉 I¬·
ùGzà

ŠÌ̀a+›

fÑCO2 ‡ej¹
4#Iõ†x¤
,犌狊,犆犻 Q犆犺犾ùvô˜ÕÖÑ
YM犘狀 Q犜狉Iñ5ür,æ犌狊vô˜ÕÖÑYM
犘狀 Q犜狉IzmVü¥。
605
!3# –.•:CO2‡e<ÑYM^ñQÉJ£¤>æIÕÖJK
q6 Q~–0N1Œ0NUf‘Ñlžiñòod80i
Table6 Correlationcoefficientsbetweennetphotosyntheticrate,transpirationrateandotherphysiologicalparameters
JG
Parameters
xNŸe
犌狊
ÍhCO2‡e
犆犻
2ñ¥¯"
犆犺犾
2.¯É"
犔犠犆
õ=ûæ
犘狀
0.659 0.381 0.451 0.023
ÚFûæ
犜狉
0.990 0.520 0.199 0.098
  •:+8+Åf0.01Éu†}؜‹¬·。Chl-chlorophylcontent;LWC-leafwatercontent
Note:denotesignificantcorrelationat0.01level.Chl-chlorophylcontent;LWC-leafwatercontent
  ‹ŒíîË5ÑYMIxN@Oð犔狊 ß+
7nÅ,"#犘狀 I,犆犻 #"g,ŒŽ犔s ù
à

ÝNvPKq
,犘狀 I—\˜ÝxN@Oü¥d
ïI

|mVÕÖür_犌狊。
q7 €Ö×kláËvKo犘狀,犆犻1犔狊
Table7 犘狀,犆犻and犔狊ofTalFescueunderdifferentexperimentaltreatments
Ë5
Treatment
õ=ûæ犘狀
Netphotosyntheticrate/μmol·m-2·s-1
ÍhCO2犆犻‡e
IntercelularCO2concentration/μmol·mol-1
xN@Oð犔狊
Stomatallimitation/%
AT1 18.15 166.23 57.38
AT2 17.24 151.08 61.26
AT3 16.31 136.43 65.02
BT1 23.04 311.07 55.56
BT2 21.93 303.20 56.69
BT3 21.07 287.25 58.96
  ݉2vÀ,犘狀 ¶犌狊nzG·ù,犚2=0.441,
犜狉¶犌狊+,q›œI¶ñ·ù,犚2=0.980。fÑ
àxCO2 ‡ej¹4#IÕ֍,犘狀 Q犜狉 "犌狊
—\+,q‹ŒIù·Öµ

e犌狊 ùà,犘狀 nzG
ù·

!›犘狀 ýø`ñ5ü¥IÕÖ,P™Ç²Ý
犌狊½ˆ;犜狉"犌狊Iùàn¶ñù·,!›犜狉 mV
˜Ý犌狊½ˆ,çÃ×ghIGð·ùvr;_犜狉
=18.401犌狊+0.130。
<2 Q~–0N、Œ0NU’“)o80
Fig.2 Therelationshipsbetweennetphotosyntheticrate,transpirationrateandstomatalconductance
3 œUm
  ?ÓPÑYM_ÌÍ<Ä,°¤"«R©ZÖ
³
,CO2 jYBÉJlõ]OÑYMñ·I(N
O

°¤Li-6400ܬµ=ˆùú、ø)µ2
ñ¥âSPAD-502â*ˆ‹ŒCO2 jYBÉ
JË5FB#ÑYMIõ=ûæ犘狀、xNŸe
犌狊、ÍhCO2 ‡e犆犻、2ñ¥¯"犆犺犾jÚFûæ
犜狉=ñ5JG。f†;íîGHI23†,y
jÉJ£¤>æ犠犝犈 jxN@Oð犔狊,:;JK
‹ŒàxCO2 ‡ejYBÉJNOÑYMIñ
5HI—,
KqÑCO2 ‡evù/ÑYMI^
ñ

ÑCO2 ‡ev‡5ÑYM犠犝犈 Iùú、犌狊
øü¥³ÕÖÑYM犘狀 Q犜狉€’。
3.1 CO2 u)UËvKolwÐ
¹NO<=ûæ

xN³.Q2.ɕ
705
! " # $ !23"
ž&ñ·JG5WJK˜~ˆž&^ñz0O
â>I¾¿
[16],
|8

=ûæ˜)"ž&·•I
~Vñ5z{
[15]。
Ïíî8ÑYM)¿=ñ5
z{I—\Ú
,CO2 ‡e÷ÑdïIõ=ûæ犘狀
ù/‚eàÞÝÞ¹4#¾nI‚e

Œ
Ž

óürÖãJKœÅ
,CO2 ‡e<¹4#I
ÕÖ¬úœ‹

çfâ`(ürIõ†x¤

Ñ
CO2 ‡e£K¹4#<ÑYM犘狀 IÕÖ>a†
Æ
。CO2 Yùv¦Ñž&=ûæ,]|˜C3ž
&¦Ñ‚e¬à
[3]。
æÑYMx_¼bI3b
C3ž&,ÑCO2 ‡eâ£Þ|·•Iù/j&À
ç

|l>­<¹4#I‹>­ðâSàIy
¤x¤

vUJ†‡¹¹€

ù/‰ÑYMI^
ñ

§«
[2]
<Ï5’$eJK‰ÑCO2 ‡eù
/ž&^ñIvôñ

Ñ¥X
[7]
°:;Y]§
R´víî´{‰CO2 I“±k”>­,fN23
†

?íîd¬ÉJ£¤>æz{

:;“IÑY
M§R]Oñ“îGH5¥z78‰Š€’

3.2 犆犗2 u)UËvK犠犝犈
ž&IÉJñ5HI¥0P:ù˜ž&ÉJ·
ùÌÍ8I~Ý
[14]。
|8

ÉJ£¤>æx_¥A
vãäñ=

vP./‹Œž&»`ghI0É
、¨
ÉHI

ŒŽÎif“À†./‰ž&¨Éj&À
ñÍghI·ù

vx_¥A³ñIz{¤Þž
&<ÉJNOI©ªe~ï
[9]。
:;¼j‹Œíî
Ë5<犠犝犈 IÕÖ,’,ÑCO2 ‡ej¹4#
ùԟŠÑYM犠犝犈 I¦Ñ,æCO2 ‡e÷ў
犠犝犈 U:Iù‚µàÞ¹4#IÕÖ,˜2`
(ürõ†x¤ÕÖÑYM犠犝犈 ImV(
ür

=x¤jÚFx¤˜ž&ÉJ£¤;S8
I2A·­ü¥,:;I=ñ5HI

’,àxCO2 ‡ejYBÉJN
OI4—ùÔ<ÑYMI=

ÚFûæÍñÕÖ

ÏæÕ֞&2I犠犝犈。
íî+›

¹4#¶ÑCO2 ‡eŒFù£犜狉
ƒ
、犌狊 †4、犠犝犈 ùà,Pù<|ð✋IÕ
Öx¤

-˜Ã×Iñ&. ¨áà‹¬Œ
[7]。
Ñ
CO2 ‡eIx¤û5˜:;ÄÉ\&¯"Iù
àD,+Í[E•

£KéG+Í0É

†‡ÉJ±
ë

Ïæ‡5犘狀 Iùú[2]。<Û£ž&2f犌狊 
ƒ
、犜狉†4、犠犝犈 ÷ÑIŒŽ,é)lmIñ5Ú


f¹4#Õ֍

2.IéG«¶K‹ØÜ
ÛIÉJ

xNÛÔýØ4#ÕÖæ†4Ûe

xN
³.ùàŸŠ犜狉ƒ[7,9],õö犠犝犈 ÷Ñ,-ž&
2ÉJQ«JI+^áýØXO

ŒŽ
,犆犻 ƒ,
=x¤ûâIH¡‚<犘狀 ÍñÕÖ,Ï棞
&2ñ&"Iù·Q¹&ÀIçýØXO

õ
ö

¹4#ŸŠ2ñ¥¯"犆犺犾ƒ,æÑCO2
‡ev¦Ñ犆犺犾。2.¯É"犔犠犆"¹4#I
ù/旃

-ÑCO2 ‡eIÕÖ£¹4#I
犔犠犆ân¦Ñ。
Ã[þ
[9]、
›ò‚
[13]
j¹ñ·
[14]
IÌÍ
ρ

fÑCO2 ‡ej¹4#2`(ürIõ
†x¤
,犜狉 ƒž犠犝犈 ù·U:Iäåæ}
77.46%。f犘狀 ÷Ñj犜狉 ƒâ`<犠犝犈 ù·
ÍñäåIñ5ü¥8
,犜狉 Iäå¬à。§Õ
W
[3]
°¤Û5Œ\RíîKq
,CO2 ‡eYùv
¦Ñ=ûæ

ƒÚFûæ

Ïæ¦Ñ犠犝犈。†
;ÌͶ?íîKØI=ûæ¶ÚFûævÕÖ
犠犝犈、ÑCO2 ‡ej¹4#v¦Ñ犠犝犈 I€’
¥Š



íîGH+›ÑCO2 ‡e¦Ñ犠犝犈
Ix¤àÞ¹4#

˜‡5ÑYM犠犝犈 ù·I
mV(ürI€’

Š€’˜<†;ÌÍI”
jyà

3.3 犌狊{χ^•–ÔÕËvK犘狀 1犜狉
ž&=ûæQ|ÕÖü¥IÌÍâÁމÝ
ž&2Iñ·’;Î|

Ïæ×Å|<(NOI
©­ñ
[15]。
ŠíîIÌ̀aœÅ
,犌狊,犆犻,犆犺犾ù
¶犘狀 ðâ9œ‹I¬··ù,|8犌狊 ¶犘狀 ßÆ
zG·ù

¬·ùGˆ;0.5。犘狀 IŒŽ,犆犻

,犔狊 ÷Ñ。äúÌÍ[1718]ø_,2ñ¥¯"˜
./2.=ô.Iz{g¥

æ‰X¸
[19]
:;
Ì͒,

ž&2.ý«¶’;IÕÖ

|犘狀 ðç
fž&“2C2.—ñI¥ùŽhåý2ñ¥¯"
IÕÖ

2.ˆb¢

2ñ¥¯"Iу¶ž&=
ûæIà4/âµöI˜ù

?íîGHIJKœÅ
,犌狊 ¶犜狉 I¬·ñ9
|œ‹

ªÔJK€a#+›

f¬ŒI(NO

,犜狉¶犌狊߶ñ·ù,·ùµ_犜狉=18.401犌狊+
0.1295,R2 }0.95P†。¥

ÕÖæ’ñ—,
ÎvP0O./犌狊 Ià4。
fíîNOIÕ֍

ÑYMž&2ۘ:;xN
ŸeID,:ƒÚF

ÏæXOž&2IÉJÏ
¨I

§ÕW
[3]
Ì͒,
,犜狉 ¶犌狊 ghîf犜狉
=犌狊×犞犘犇 I·ù,<¶?ÌÍKqI¶ñ·ùa
Ù

²g

ÑYMI犘狀 j犜狉 výxN@Oñü¥
805
!3# –.•:CO2‡e<ÑYM^ñQÉJ£¤>æIÕÖJK
ÕÖ

|mVÕÖü¥ù˜犌狊。æfŒ¥(NO

,犜狉 v0O./犌狊 I—\。üN,犘狀 j犜狉 ˜
犌狊,犆犻,犆犺犾ø`@Oü¥³x¤I€a。?Ì
Íø_
,犘狀 ýxNŸe、2ñ¥¯"ø`@Oü
¥I³ÕÖ

<¶FarquharjSharkey[12]、]Ñ
½
[20]
Ì̀’¥Š

ŒŽ

íîJK+›
:犜狉 #
ýØø`@Oü¥I³ÕÖ

|8犌狊 ˜ÕÖ犘狀
j犜狉ImVñ5ürI€’,Š€’˜fá§Ì
Í23†I?ßjœ“

†;Ì̀’˜fõ¯]OñNOKqI

ÝÞ?íICO2 ‡e–eçâ2APç/
â}؞&5W=x¤nUI}jCO2 ‡e,Y
BÉJn‹I–eh

瘝<ÑYM<¥`HÌ^ñž&ۓI

˜,©­Þ|ý^ñž&

|ý]Ç]

UV¬ø
Iíîî{

-˜ŠÌÍna<ÞÌ͹4#
ÑYMI©­ñ¦R‰-.LH

P_]Çp`

"
;¦R‰5’º»

žŸ>?
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[J].ž&ñò.¸,
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