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作 者 ：洪思思;缪崇崇;方本基;胡仁勇;丁炳扬

期 刊 ：武汉植物学研究 2008年 26卷 5期 页码：501-508

关键词：阔叶丰花草；物种多样性；生态位；种间联结；

Keywords:Spermacoce latifolia, Species diversity, Niche breath, Interspecies association,

摘 要 ：基于对浙江省10个代表性样地的调查,应用物种丰富度指数(S)、Simpson指数(Ds)、Shannon-Wiener指数(H’)和Pielou均匀度指数(J),分析了阔叶丰花草(Spermacoce latifolia)入侵群落的物种多样性;并通过测定群落中20个种的生态位宽度、生态位重叠、χ²测验、联结系数(AC)和共同出现百分率(PC),从多个方面探讨了阔叶丰花草在群落中对环境资源的利用状况、与其他物种的相互关系和相对地位。结果表明:(1)阔叶丰花草的入侵降低了群落的物种多样性;(2)群落中阔叶丰花草生态位宽度最大,说明阔叶丰花草对环境的适应能力较强,很容易与其他物种发生竞争;(3)阔叶丰花草与升马唐(Digitaria ciliaris)的生态位重叠值最大,野塘蒿(Conyza bonariensis)、莎草(Cyperus rotundus)次之;(4)阔叶丰花草入侵群落中所有种间没有呈现出显著的相关性,阔叶丰花草只与升马唐、野塘蒿有一定的正联结,与莎草、鸭跖草(Commelina communis)、母草(Lindernia crustacea)等有一定的负联结。

Abstract:According to the data collected from ten typical plots in Zhejiang Province,we analyzed the diversity of the communities invaded by alien plant Spermacoce latifolia using species richness index,Simpon Index,Shanon-Wiener Index and Pielou Index.In order to test its competition,relative association,and the position with other species in the communities,the niche breadths,niche overlaps,multi-interspecies association,and pair-interspecies association of S.latifolia with other 20 species were determined.The results were as follows:(1) The diversity of the communities decreased with the invasion of S.latifolia;(2) The widest in niche breath of S.latifolia dropped a hint that it could survive in any environments and easily compete with other species in the community;(3) S.latifolia had greatest niche overlaps with Digitaria ciliaris,followed by those with Conyza bonariensis and Cyperus rotundus;(4) The χ2 analysis indicated that no species in the community had a significant relationship with S.latifolia,which only had a positive relationship with D.ciliaris,C.bonariensis and a negative relationship with C.rotundus,Commelina communis and Lindernia crustacea.

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