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Nomenclatural Notes on Alien Invasive Vascular Plants in China (3)

中国外来入侵植物的学名考证 (3)



全 文 :中国外来入侵植物的学名考证 (3)∗
寿海洋ꎬ 闫小玲ꎬ 马金双∗∗
(中国科学院上海辰山植物科学研究中心 /上海辰山植物园ꎬ 上海  201602)
摘要: 基于中国外来入侵植物的相关报道与文献ꎬ 发现一些入侵植物的学名使用比较混乱: 不同时期、 不
同地区、 不同作者在报道同一外来物种时使用不同的学名ꎬ 或因中文名相近ꎬ 而将其他植物作为外来入侵
植物报道ꎮ 依据最新资料ꎬ 对国内报道的 16种外来入侵植物学名进行了考证ꎬ 包括中文名、 英文名、 异
名、 原产地及其在国内外的分布情况ꎮ
关键词: 中国ꎻ 外来ꎻ 入侵植物ꎻ 学名考证
中图分类号: Q 949ꎬ Q 16          文献标识码: A            文章编号: 2095-0845(2014)06-763-08
Nomenclatural Notes on Alien Invasive Vascular Plants in China (3)∗
SHOU Hai ̄Yangꎬ YAN Xiao ̄Lingꎬ MA Jin ̄Shuang∗∗
(Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Centerꎬ Chines Academy of Sciencesꎬ Shanghai Chenshan
Botanical Gardenꎬ Shanghai 201602ꎬ China)
Abstract: Based on literatures of alien invasive plants in Chinaꎬ the scientific names of sixteen species are revisedꎬ
since their records in the Chinese literatures are confused: the same species with different scientic names were used
by different authors in different regions and in different timesꎬ even different species with similar Chinese names
were treated as identical. The data from floras updated were emplyed to compile the scientific name of each speciesꎬ
along with vernacular nameꎬ synonymꎬ their origin and distribution both in China and abroad.
Key words: Chinaꎻ Alienꎻ Invasive plantsꎻ Nomenclatural notes
1. Amaranthus cruentus Linnaeusꎬ Syst. Nat. ( ed.
10) 2: 1269. 1759ꎻ Bao B􀆰 J.ꎬ S􀆰 E. Clemants &
T. Borsch in Fl. Chin. 5: 419. 2003ꎻ S􀆰 L. Mosyakin
in Fl. N. Amer. 4: 410. 2003. Syn. Amaranthus
paniculatus Linnaeusꎬ Sp. Pl. ( ed. 2) 2: 1406.
1763 (Amaranthaceae).
Blood amaranth (老鸦谷)ꎬ cultivated as orna ̄
mental and pseudocereal almost worldwide from trop ̄
ical to warm ̄temperate regionsꎬ and sometimes es ̄
caped and naturalized near places of cultivationꎬ has
been widely cultivated in China: Anhuiꎬ Beijingꎬ
Chongqingꎬ Fujianꎬ Gansuꎬ Guangdongꎬ Guangxiꎬ
Guizhouꎬ Hebeiꎬ Henanꎬ Heilongjiangꎬ Hubeiꎬ Hu ̄
nanꎬ Jiangsuꎬ Jilinꎬ Jiangxiꎬ Liaoningꎬ Nei Mongolꎬ
Qinghaiꎬ Shaanxiꎬ Shandongꎬ Shanxiꎬ Shanghaiꎬ
Sichuanꎬ Tianjinꎬ Xizangꎬ Yunnanꎬ Zhejiang① . It
usually called as fan sui xian (繁穗苋) in Chinese
but treated as Amaranthus paniculatus (曲波ꎬ 2003ꎻ
Qu et al.ꎬ 2006aꎬbꎻ Li et al.ꎬ 2007ꎻ Wang et al.ꎬ
2007ꎻ Fu et al.ꎬ 2009ꎻ Gao and Caoꎬ 2010ꎻ Chen
植 物 分 类 与 资 源 学 报  2014ꎬ 36 (6): 763~770
Plant Diversity and Resources                                    DOI: 10.7677 / ynzwyj201414042

∗∗
Funding: Shanghai Landscaping Administrative Bureau (G1024011)
This is our last report on the seriesꎬ and two previous reports could be found in Plant Diversity and Resources (植物分类与资源学报) 33
(1): 132-142ꎬ 2011 and 34 (4): 347-353ꎬ 2012
Author for correspondenceꎻ E ̄mail: jinshuangma@gmail􀆰 com
Received date: 2014-03-14ꎬ Accepted date: 2014-06-03
作者简介: 寿海洋 (1983-) 男ꎬ 硕士ꎬ 工程师ꎬ 主要从事种子植物分类学及植物资源学方面的研究ꎮ E ̄mail: shouhy@126􀆰 com
① According to The Checklist of the Chinese Invasive Plants (Maꎬ 2013ꎬ same as below)
et al.ꎬ 2011ꎻ 万方浩等ꎬ 2012ꎻ Fu et al.ꎬ 2012ꎻ
Lin et al.ꎬ 2012aꎻ Wang et al.ꎬ 2012).
2. Bromus catharticus Vahlꎬ Symb. Bot. 2: 22. 1791.
Liu L.ꎬ Zhu G􀆰 H. & K􀆰 H. Ammann in Fl. Chin.
22: 386. 2006ꎻ Hsu C. ̄C. in Fl. Taiwan (2nd Edi ̄
tion) 5: 370. 2000. Syn. Bromus unioloides Kunthꎬ
Nov. Gen. Sp. 1: 151. 1815 (Gramineae).
Rescuegrass (扁穗雀麦)ꎬ native to South A ̄
mericaꎬ widely introduced as a winter forage now
has been adventive in most temperate countries of
Asiaꎬ Europeꎬ Australiaꎬ North America and China:
Beijingꎬ Gansuꎬ Guangdongꎬ Guangxiꎬ Guizhouꎬ
Hebeiꎬ Hubeiꎬ Jiangsuꎬ Nei Mongolꎬ Qinghaiꎬ
Shaanxiꎬ Sichuanꎬ Taiwanꎬ Xinjiangꎬ Yunnan. In
some literaturesꎬ it’ s treated as Bromus unioloides
(Wu et al.ꎬ 2004).
3. Crotalaria micans Linkꎬ Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt.
2: 228-229. 1822. Li J􀆰 Q.ꎬ H. Sunꎬ R􀆰 M. Polhillꎬ
& M􀆰 G. Gilbert in Fl. Chin. 10: 107. 2010ꎻ Huang
T. ̄C.ꎬ Ohashiꎬ H. in Fl. Taiwan (2nd Edition). 3:
228-232. 1993. Syn. Crotalaria anagyroides Kunthꎬ
Nov. Gen. Sp. (folio ed.) 6: 317. 1824 (Legumino ̄
sae).
Caracas rattlebox (三尖叶猪屎豆)ꎬ originated
from C and S Americaꎬ has been introduced into
many tropical countriesꎬ including those in Asia and
Africa where it has been locally naturalized. It is also
cultivated and naturalized in C and S China: Fu ̄
jianꎬ Guangdongꎬ Guangxiꎬ Hainanꎬ Hubeiꎬ Tai ̄
wan and Yunnan but sometimes treated as Crotalaria
anagyroides (Fan et al.ꎬ 2008).
4. Duranta erecta Linnaeusꎬ Sp. Pl. 2: 637. 1753.
Chen S􀆰 L. & M􀆰 G. Gilbert in Fl. Chin. 17: 2. 1994.
Syn. Duranta repens Linnaeusꎬ Sp. Pl. 2: 637. 1753
(Verbenaceae).
Golden dewdrops (假连翘)ꎬ native to Tropical
Americaꎬ usually cultivated for ornamental purpo ̄
sesꎬ occasionally escaped and naturalized near
farms in Fujianꎬ Guangdongꎬ Guangxiꎬ Hainanꎬ
Hunanꎬ Jiangxiꎬ Macaoꎬ Taiwanꎬ Hongkongꎬ Yun ̄
nanꎬ Zhengjiang. In some literaturesꎬ it was treated
as Duranta repens (萧如英ꎬ 1980ꎻ Sun and Xiangꎬ
2004ꎻ Ou and Luꎬ 2006ꎻ 解焱ꎬ 2008ꎻ 陈运造ꎬ
2006).
5. Dysphania schraderiana (Schultes) Mosyakin &
Clemantsꎬ Ukrajins’k. Bot. Žurn. 59: 383. 2002.
Zhu G􀆰 L.ꎬ S􀆰 L. Mosyakin & S􀆰 E. Clemants in Fl.
Chin. 5: 377. 2003. Basionym Chenopodium schra ̄
derianum Roemer & Schultesꎬ Syst. Veg. 6: 260.
1820. Syn. Chenopodium foetidum Schraderꎬ Mag.
Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. Ges. Naturf.
Freunde Berlin 2: 79. 1808 ( not Lamarck 1778)
(Chenopodiaceae).
Foetid Goosefoot (菊叶香藜)ꎬ species with a
strong odor from Africaꎬ SW Asiaꎬ and S. Europe
but naturalizes in North America and locally else ̄
where. In Chinaꎬ it’s found in Beijingꎬ Gansuꎬ Lia ̄
oningꎬ Nei Mongolꎬ Qinghaiꎬ Shaanxiꎬ Shanxiꎬ Si ̄
chuanꎬ Xizangꎬ Yunnanꎬ but treated as Chenopodi ̄
um foetidum (孔宪武和简焯坡ꎬ 1979ꎻ Lin et al.ꎬ
2009).
6. Eclipta prostrata ( Linnaeus) Linnaeusꎬ Mant.
Pl. 2: 286. 1771. Chen Y􀆰 S. & D􀆰 J. Nicholas Hind
in Fl. Chin. 20-21: 1481. 2011ꎻ Chung K􀆰 F. in Fl.
Taiwan ( 2nd Edition). 4: 935 - 937. 1998. Ba ̄
sionym Verbesina prostrata Linnaeusꎬ Sp. Pl. 2:
902. 1753. Syn. Eclipta zippeliana Blumeꎬ Bijdr. Fl.
Ned. Ind. 914. 1826 (Asteraceae).
False daisy (鳢肠)ꎬ native to Americasꎬ intro ̄
duced and naturalized in Africaꎬ Asiaꎬ Australiaꎬ
Europe and Pacific islands. In Chinaꎬ it has sprea ̄
ded almost all over the country from riversidesꎬ
fields to abandoned ponds. Eclipta prostrata is a
highly variable species widely distributed in separa ̄
ted parts of the world and is greatly influenced by
the habitats in which they grow. Almost all litera ̄
tures treated Eclipta zippeliana as synonymy of Eclip ̄
ta prostrataꎬ but other treated it as another species
(陈运造ꎬ 2006).
467                                  植 物 分 类 与 资 源 学 报                            第 36卷
7. Erigeron bonariensis Linnaeusꎬ Sp. Pl. 2: 863.
1753. Chen Y􀆰 L. & L. Brouillet in Fl. Chin. 20 -
21: 1107. 2011. Syn. Conyza bonariensis (Linnae ̄
us) Cronquistꎬ Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 70 (6): 632.
1943ꎻ Conyza crispa (Pourret) Ruprechtꎬ Bull. Cl
Phys.  ̄Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint ̄Pétersbourg 14:
235. 1856ꎻ Erigeron crispus Pourretꎬ Hist. & Mém.
Acad. Roy. Sci. Toulouse 3: 318-319. 1788 (As ̄
teraceae).
Hairy fleabane (香丝草)ꎬ native to South A ̄
mericaꎬ widely naturalized as a weed in tropical and
subtropical regions worldwideꎬ including in New
Zealandꎬ South Africaꎬ Kenyꎬ Tanzaniaꎬ the USAꎬ
Europe and China. It is a kind of crop weedsꎬ par ̄
ticularly serious in no ̄till farming systems. It has
been treated as Conyza bonariensis in almost all Chi ̄
nese references ( Du et al.ꎬ 2002ꎻ Guo et al.ꎬ
2002ꎻ Chen et al.ꎬ 2003ꎻ Wu and Qiangꎬ 2003ꎻ
Wang et al.ꎬ 2004ꎻ Wu et al.ꎬ 2004ꎻ Hu et al.ꎬ
2005ꎻ Yi et al.ꎬ 2005ꎻ Chen et al.ꎬ 2006ꎻ Zang et
al.ꎬ 2006ꎻ Hu et al.ꎬ 2007ꎻ Wang et al.ꎬ 2007ꎻ
Li et al.ꎬ 2008ꎻ Tang et al.ꎬ 2008ꎻ Ji et al.ꎬ
2009ꎻ Shu et al.ꎬ 2009ꎻ Wang et al.ꎬ 2009ꎻ Qi et
al.ꎬ 2010ꎻ Wangꎬ 2010ꎻ 徐海根和强胜ꎬ 2011ꎻ
Ju et al.ꎬ 2011ꎻ Li et al.ꎬ 2011ꎻ Yu et al.ꎬ 2011ꎻ
万方浩等ꎬ 2012ꎻ Lin et al.ꎬ 2012bꎻ Zhuꎬ 2012)ꎬ
with the Chinese name as ye tang hao (野塘蒿).
Meanwhileꎬ a few literatures used as Conyza crispus
( Zhangꎬ 2004ꎻ Zhangꎬ 2006ꎻ Xie and Zhangꎬ
2012)ꎬ a wrong spelling of Conyza crispa.
8. Euphorbia hypericifolia Linnaeusꎬ Sp. Pl. 1: 454.
1753. J􀆰 S. Ma & Michael G. Gilbert in Fl. Chin.
11: 293. 2008ꎻ The Editorial Committee of the Flora
of Taiwan in Fl. Taiwan (1st Edition) 6: 79. 1979.
Syn. Chamaesyce hypericifolia ( Linnaeus ) Mills ̄
paughꎬ Publ. Field Columb. Mus.ꎬ Bot. Ser. 2 (7):
302. 1909 (Euphorbiaceae).
Graceful sandmat (通奶草)ꎬ native to New
World and naturalized in many parts of the Old
World. In China it distributes at Anhuiꎬ Beijingꎬ
Chongqingꎬ Guangdongꎬ Guangxiꎬ Guizhouꎬ Hain ̄
anꎬ Hebeiꎬ Hongkongꎬ Hubeiꎬ Hunanꎬ Jiangxiꎬ Li ̄
aoningꎬ Macaoꎬ Nei Mongolꎬ Shanxiꎬ Shanghaiꎬ Si ̄
chuanꎬ Taiwanꎬ Yunnan and Zhejiang. This species
has been much confused with Euphorbia indica (Liu
et al.ꎬ 2002ꎻ Lei et al.ꎬ 2006) which was called as
nan ya da ji (南亚大戟) in Chinese in FOCꎬ but
different through the puberulent on stems and cap ̄
sules (Raju and Raoꎬ 1979).
9. Euphorbia nutans Lagascaꎬ Gen. Sp. Pl. 17. 1816.
Shishkin B􀆰 K. & E􀆰 G. Bobrov in Fl. U􀆰 S􀆰 S􀆰 R.
(English edition translated from Russian)ꎬ 14: 371.
1974. Syn. Euphorbia preslii Gussoneꎬ Fl. Sic. Pro ̄
dr. 1: 539. 1827 (Euphorbiaceae).
Eyebane (大地锦)ꎬ a weed in cultivated fields
and along roadsidesꎬ often along seashoresꎬ origina ̄
ted from tropical South Americaꎬ was introduced into
Central Europe and Atlantic Europe and Western
Mediterranean. In Chinaꎬ it was distributed in An ̄
huiꎬ Beijingꎬ Hebeiꎬ Jiangsuꎬ Liaoningꎬ Shanghai.
In some literatures it is treated as Euphorbia preslii
(Hu et al.ꎬ 2005).
10. Galinsoga quadriradiata Ruiz & Pavónꎬ Syst.
Veg. Fl. Peruv. Chil. 1: 198. 1798. Chen Y􀆰 S. &
D􀆰 J. Nicholas Hind in Fl. Chin. 20 - 21: 1474.
2011. Peng C. ̄I in Fl. Taiwan (2nd Edition) 4:
968. 1998. Syn. Galinsoga ciliata ( Rafinesque )
S􀆰 F. Blakeꎬ New Fl. 1: 67. 1836 (Asteraceae).
    Shaggy soldier (粗毛牛膝菊)ꎬ species native
to tropical Americaꎬ now has been a cosmopolitan
weed. In Chinaꎬ it distributes in Anhuiꎬ Chongqingꎬ
Guizhouꎬ Hubeiꎬ Heilongjiangꎬ Jiangsuꎬ Jiangxiꎬ
Liaoningꎬ Shaanxiꎬ Shanghaiꎬ Yunnanꎬ Zhejiang
and naturlized in northern and central parts of
Taiwan along roadsides. In some literaturesꎬ it is
treated as Galinsoga ciliata (Chen et al.ꎬ 2003ꎻ Li
et al.ꎬ 2006ꎻ Gao et al.ꎬ 2008ꎻ Mei et al.ꎬ 2009ꎻ
Shu et al.ꎬ 2009ꎻ Zhang and Zhangꎬ 2009ꎻ Guo et
al.ꎬ 2010ꎻ 丁炳扬和胡仁勇ꎬ 2011ꎻ Yang et al.ꎬ
2011).
5676期          SHOU Hai ̄Yang et al.: Nomenclatural Notes on Alien Invasive Vascular Plants in China (3)          
11. Justicia adhatoda Linnaeusꎬ Sp. Pl. 1: 15.
1753ꎻ Hu J􀆰 Q.ꎬ Deng Y􀆰 F. & T􀆰 F. Daniel in Fl.
Chin. 19: 456. 2011. Syn. Adhatoda vasica Neesꎬ
Pl. Asiat. Rar. 3: 103. 1832 (Acanthaceae).
Malabar nut (鸭嘴花)ꎬ probably native to In ̄
diaꎬ Indonesiaꎬ Malaysiaꎬ Nepalꎬ Pakistan and Sri
Lankaꎬ but widely cultivated and naturalized in trop ̄
icsꎬ and widely used in Ayurvedic and Unani sys ̄
tems of medicine. It has been cultivated and natural ̄
ized in Guangdongꎬ Guangxiꎬ Hong Kongꎬ Hainanꎬ
Macaoꎬ and Yunnanꎬ espeially in the greenhouse for
ornamental purpose. In some literaturesꎬ it has been
treated as Adhatoda vasica (万方浩等ꎬ 2012).
12. Nerium oleander Linnaeusꎬ Sp. Pl. 1: 209.
1753. Li P􀆰 T.ꎬ A􀆰 J􀆰 M. Leeuwenberg & D􀆰 J. Mid ̄
dleton in Fl. Chin. 16: 173. 1995. Syn. Nerium
indicum Millerꎬ Gard. Dict. ( ed. 8) no. 2. 1768
(Apocynaceae).
Oleander (夹竹桃)ꎬ native to Mediterranean
area but now cultivated and often naturalized
throughout the tropicsꎬ subtropics and temperate
parts worldwide ( Smithꎬ 1988). In Chinaꎬ it is
widely cultivated: Anhuiꎬ Beijingꎬ Chongqingꎬ Fu ̄
jianꎬ Gansuꎬ Guangdongꎬ Guangxiꎬ Guizhouꎬ Hain ̄
anꎬ Hebeiꎬ Henanꎬ Hongkongꎬ Hubeiꎬ Hunanꎬ Ji ̄
linꎬ Jiangsuꎬ Jiangxiꎬ Liaoningꎬ Macaoꎬ Shaanxiꎬ
Shandongꎬ Shanghaiꎬ Sichuanꎬ Tianjinꎬ Yunnanꎬ
Zhejiang. In Chinese literaturesꎬ it has been widely
used as Nerium indicum (Fan et al.ꎬ 2008ꎻ Tengꎬ
2008ꎻ Sun et al.ꎬ 2009ꎻ Hu et al.ꎬ 2011). In
FRPSꎬ Nerium oleander is treated as ou zhou jia zhu
tao (欧洲夹竹桃)ꎬ with corona not spilitedꎻ how ̄
everꎬ in FOCꎬ Nerium indicum is treated as synonym
of Nerium oleander.
13. Oenothera glazioviana Micheliꎬ Fl. Bras. 13
(2): 178. 1875. Chen J􀆰 R.ꎬ P􀆰 C. Hoch & W􀆰 L.
Wagner in Fl. Chin. 13: 424. 2007. Syn. Oenothera
erythrosepala (Bor ̄bás) Borbásꎬ Magyar Bot. Lapok
2: 245. 1903 (Onagraceae).
Red sepal evening primrose (黄花月见草)ꎬ
apparently hybrid origin from the gardens in Europe
between two N American species (Raven and Pengꎬ
1993). It was introduced into the horticulture as ear ̄
ly as 1860ꎬ grown for its particularly largeꎬ attrac ̄
tive flowersꎬ and now widely naturalized in Asiaꎬ
Africaꎬ Europeꎬ Australiaꎬ N and S Americaꎬ Pacif ̄
ic islands (e􀆰 g. New Zealandꎬ Hawaii) and in Chi ̄
na: Anhuiꎬ Beijingꎬ Chongqingꎬ Fujianꎬ Guangdongꎬ
Guangxiꎬ Guizhouꎬ Hebeiꎬ Henanꎬ Heilongjiangꎬ
Hubeiꎬ Jilinꎬ Jiangsuꎬ Jiangxiꎬ Liaoningꎬ Nei Mon ̄
golꎬ Shaanxiꎬ Shandongꎬ Shanxiꎬ Shanghaiꎬ Sichuanꎬ
Taiwanꎬ Tianjinꎬ Yunnanꎬ Zhejiang. It’s usually call ̄
ed: yue jian cao (月见草) in Chineseꎬ but was trea ̄
ted as Oenothera erythrosepala ( Liu et al.ꎬ 2002ꎻ
Chen et al.ꎬ 2003ꎻ Yi et al.ꎬ 2005ꎻ 龙茹等ꎬ 2008ꎻ
He and Geꎬ 2008ꎻ Luo and Liuꎬ 2008ꎻ Zhou et al.ꎬ
2008ꎻ Li et al.ꎬ 2009ꎻ Jiang et al.ꎬ 2009ꎻ Qi et al.ꎬ
2010ꎻ Zhao et al.ꎬ 2010ꎻ Shi and Liꎬ 2011ꎻ Yu et
al.ꎬ 2011ꎻ Lin et al.ꎬ 2012ꎻ Zhu and Yangꎬ 2012).
14. Sphagneticola trilobata (Linnaeus) Pruskiꎬ Mem.
New York Bot. Gard. 87: 114. 1996. J􀆰 L. Strother
in Fl. N. Amer. 21: 126. 2006. Chen Y􀆰 S. & D􀆰 J.
Nicholas Hind in Fl. Chin. 20-21: 870-871. Ba ̄
sionym Silphium triobatum Linnaeusꎬ Syst. Nat.
(ed. 10) 2: 1233. 1759. Syn. Wedelia trilobata
( Linnaeus) Hitchcockꎬ Rep. ( Annual) Missouri
Bot. Gard. 4: 99. 1893 (Asteraceae).
Bay Biscayne creeping ̄oxeye (南美蟛蜞菊)ꎬ
probably native to subtropics and tropics of the New
World and introduced into the Old World. It has
been cultivated as ornamental ground cover but es ̄
caped in many countriesꎬ occasionally naturalized on
slopes and along roadsides at lower elevations. It is
cultivated and naturalized in Fujianꎬ Guangdongꎬ
Guangxiꎬ Hainanꎬ Hongkongꎬ Macaoꎬ Sichuanꎬ
Taiwanꎬ Yunnnaꎬ Zhejiang and usually treated as
Wedelia trilobata (李振宇和解焱ꎬ 2002ꎻ Huang
and Zengꎬ 2003ꎻ Zengꎬ 2003ꎻ 徐海根和强胜ꎬ
2004ꎻ Deng and Luꎬ 2004ꎻ Yan et al.ꎬ 2004ꎻ Wu
et al.ꎬ 2005ꎻ 吴桂容ꎬ 2006ꎻ Guan et al.ꎬ 2006ꎻ
Yan et al.ꎬ 2006ꎻ An et al.ꎬ 2007ꎻ Xie et al.ꎬ
667                                  植 物 分 类 与 资 源 学 报                            第 36卷
2007ꎻ 解焱ꎬ 2008ꎻ Chen et al.ꎬ 2008ꎻ Jiang et al.ꎬ
2008ꎻ Wang et al.ꎬ 2008ꎻ Shi et al.ꎬ 2009ꎻ Wang
et al.ꎬ 2009ꎻ Yang and Chenꎬ 2009ꎻ Zeng et al.ꎬ
2009ꎻ Lin et al.ꎬ 2011ꎻ Yue et al.ꎬ 2011ꎻ Zhang
and Xingꎬ 2011ꎻ He et al.ꎬ 2012ꎻ Ma et al.ꎬ 2012ꎻ
Wu et al.ꎬ 2012).
15. Stylosanthes guianensis (Aublet) Swartzꎬ Kongl.
Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 10: 301-302. 1789. Sa
R. & A􀆰 D. Salinas in Fl. Chin. 10: 135. 2010. Ba ̄
sionym Trifolium guianense Aubletꎬ Hist. Pl. Guiane
2: 776-778ꎬ pl. 309. 1775. Syn. Stylosanthes graci ̄
lis Kunthꎬ Nov. Gen. Sp. ( quarto ed.) 6: 507 -
508ꎬ pl. 596. 1823 (Leguminosae).
Stylo (圭亚那笔花豆)ꎬ native to Central and
South Americaꎬ now widely introduced into other
tropical areas and sometimes naturalized. It has been
cultivated and naturalized in Guangdongꎬ Guangxiꎬ
Hainanꎬ Hong Kong and Taiwan. In the pastꎬ this
species has been used for soil stabilizationꎬ howev ̄
erꎬ due to its invasive natureꎬ it has not been rec ̄
ommended for further use. It ’ s also treated as
Stylosanthes gracilis in China ( Shan et al.ꎬ 2006ꎻ
Fan et al.ꎬ 2008) as ba xi mu xu (巴西苜蓿) in
Chinese.
16. Tradescantia pallida (J􀆰 N. Rose) D􀆰 R. Huntꎬ
Kew Bull. 30 (3): 452. 1975. R􀆰 B. Faden in Fl.
N. Amer. 22: 173. 2000. Basionym Setcreasea palli ̄
da Roseꎬ Contr. U􀆰 S. Natl. Herb. 13 ( 9): 294.
1911. Syn. Setcreasea purpurea Boomꎬ Acta Bot.
Neerl. 4: 167. 1955 (Commelinaceae).
Purple queen (紫竹梅)ꎬ native to Mexicoꎬ is
widely used as an ornamental plant in gardens and
borders including Chinaꎬ as well as a ground cover
or hanging potꎬ since it is remarkably shade ̄tolerant
and can be thrived in a wide range of soil conditions.
In southern United States and Australiaꎬ it is consid ̄
ered as an invasive species and has defied many at ̄
tempts at control or eradication. In some literaturesꎬ
it is also treated as Setcreasea purpurea (Chen et al.ꎬ
2006ꎻ Zhang and Zhangꎬ 2009) in China.
Reference:
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077                                  植 物 分 类 与 资 源 学 报                            第 36卷