Abstract:Abstract By investigating the reproductive biology of Chloranthus henryi in Northeastern Yunnan, the re-sult shows that the plant mainly reproduces by seeds. Vegetative reproduction occasionally occurs when the sympodial rhizome divides from two terminal buds. Both terminal and lateral inflorescence can produce ma-ture fruit and seedlings are found around the parent plants, their stamen, however, interestingly heteromor-phic. The anthers of terminal inflorescence developed under ground are bigger and each of them has 3 elon-gated connectives and 4 pollen sacs. On the other hand the anthers of lateral inflorescence developed above ground are smaller and each of them has one shortened connective with 2 pollen sacs only. The fhutset of terminal inflorescence is about 63 in average and that of lateral is 76 and 83 in average. The result of pollination insect investigation, bagged pollination experiments and indoor cultivation show that the plant is not insect - pollinating but self- pollinating, which is different from other species of Chloranthus. The het-eromorphosis of its anther might be a simplifying adaption to pollinating style.