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Three New Species of Anemone (Ranunculaceae) from Xizang

西藏银莲花属三新种



全 文 :西藏银莲花属三新种
王文采
(中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室ꎬ 北京  100093)
摘要: 描述了自西藏发现的毛茛科银莲花属三新种ꎬ 墨脱银莲花 Anemone motuoensisꎬ 短蕊银莲花
A􀆰 brachystema和加查银莲花 A􀆰 jiachaensisꎬ 并给出其等与近缘种的区别特征或其等的独特特征ꎮ
关键词: 毛茛科ꎻ 银莲花属ꎻ 新种ꎻ 西藏
中图分类号: Q 949            文献标识码: A                文章编号: 2095-0845(2014)04-449-04
Three New Species of Anemone (Ranunculaceae) from Xizang
WANG Wen ̄Tsai
(State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botanyꎬ Institute of Botanyꎬ
Chinese Academy of Sciencesꎬ Beijing 100093ꎬ China)
Abstract: Three species of the genus Anemone (Ranunculaceae)ꎬ A􀆰 motuoensisꎬ A􀆰 brachystema and A􀆰 jiachaensisꎬ
are described as new from the Xizang Autonomous Region. The diagnostic differences between them and their allies
or their specific characteristics are given.
Key words: Ranunculaceaeꎻ Anemoneꎻ New speciesꎻ Xizang
  Anemone motuoensis W􀆰 T. Wangꎬ sp. nov.
Fig􀆰 1: A-D
[Sect. Begoniifolia (Ulbr.) Tamura]
Species nova est affinis A􀆰 begoniifoliae Levl. &
Vant.ꎬ quae foliis majoribus usque ad 8􀆰 8 cm longis
ad 8􀆰 4 cm latis indivisis vel 3-5 ̄lobatisꎬ floribus in
umbellas dispositis praeclare differt.
Small perennial herbs. Rhizome 2􀆰 5 - 3 cm
longꎬ 8-10 mm acrossꎬ from apex putting forth 2-3
basal leaves and 1 scape. Basal leaves long petio ̄
lateꎻ blades paperyꎬ pentagonalꎬ 1 - 1􀆰 5 cm longꎬ
1􀆰 6-2􀆰 2 cm broadꎬ at base cordateꎬ 3 ̄sectꎬ central
segment rhombicꎬ 3 ̄lobedꎬ secondary lobes near a ̄
pex with a few teethꎬ lateral segments obliquely and
broadly obovateꎬ unequally 2 ̄partedꎻ surfaces adaxi ̄
ally appressed ̄puberulousꎬ abaxially appressed ̄ pu ̄
bescentꎻ petioles 1􀆰 5 - 3􀆰 5 cm longꎬ with scape
sparsely pubescent. Scape 5-7 cm tallꎻ inflorescence
1 ̄floweredꎻ involucre bracts 3 verticillateꎬ sessileꎬ
unequal in sizeꎬ broadly ovate or narrowly obovateꎬ
6-7 mm longꎬ 3-6 mm broadꎬ 3 ̄parted or 3 ̄lobed
(lobes 3 ̄lobulate or undivided)ꎬ adaxially appressed ̄
puberulousꎬ abaxially glabrousꎻ pedicel 7 - 12 mm
long. Sepals 5ꎬ pinkishꎬ obovate or broadly obovateꎬ
7􀆰 5- 8 mm longꎬ 6 - 7 mm broadꎬ glabrousꎬ apex
rounded ̄truncate. Stamens ca. 30ꎬ glabrousꎻ fila ̄
ments filiformꎬ 2􀆰 5 - 3 mm longꎻ anthers narrowly
rectangularꎬ ca. 1 mm long. Gynoecium conicalꎬ ca.
3 mm longꎬ 1􀆰 8 mm in diam.ꎻ carpels ca. 40ꎬ ses ̄
sileꎬ glabrousꎻ ovaries dorsiventrally compressedꎬ
ellipticꎬ 0􀆰 8-1 mm longꎬ 0􀆰 3-0􀆰 7 mm broadꎬ ab ̄
axially often inconspicuously longitudinally 1 ̄rib ̄
bedꎻ styles 0􀆰 1-0􀆰 2 mm long.
Xizang Autonomous Region: Motuo Xianꎬ in
植 物 分 类 与 资 源 学 报  2014ꎬ 36 (4): 449~452
Plant Diversity and Resources                                    DOI: 10.7677 / ynzwyj201413177
Received date: 2013-09-10ꎬ Accepted date: 2013-10-24
作者简介: 王文采 (1926-) 男ꎬ 研究员ꎬ 中国科学院院士ꎬ 从事有花植物分类学研究ꎮ E ̄mail: xiaobao@ibcas􀆰 ac􀆰 cn
the west of Lageꎬ alt. 3 600 mꎬ in Abies forestꎬ
herbs 5-7 cm tallꎬ fls. pinkishꎬ 1980-06-25ꎬ Plat ̄
eau Group of Ecology Lab. 1037 (holotypeꎬ PE).
In having filiform filaments and dorsiventrally
compressed and longitudinally 1 ̄ribbed ovaries this
species is related to A􀆰 begoniifolia Lévl. & Vant.ꎬ
butꎬ differs in its smallerꎬ 3 ̄sect leaves and in its
solitary flowers. In A􀆰 begoniifoliaꎬ the leaves are lar ̄
gerꎬ up to 8􀆰 8 cm longꎬ and to 8􀆰 4 cm broadꎬ undi ̄
vided or 3-5 ̄lobedꎬ and the flowers are arranged in
umbels. (Wangꎬ 1980).
Anemone brachystema W􀆰 T. Wangꎬ sp. nov.
Fig􀆰 1: E-G
[Sect. Himalayicae (Ulbr.) Juz.]
Species nova ob staminum filamenta linearia et
carpella stylis subulatis praedita ad Sect. Himalayi ̄
cae (Ulbr.) Juz. fortasse pertinetꎬ sed ab omnibus
speciebus sectionis floribus tribus in umbellam dis ̄
positis recedit.
Small perennial herbs. Rhizome ca. 8 cm longꎬ
3 mm acrossꎬ apex surrounded by dense withered
leaves. Basal leaves ca. 5ꎻ blades chartaceousꎬ cor ̄
date ̄ovateꎬ 1􀆰 6 - 2 cm longꎬ 2􀆰 5 - 3 cm broadꎬ at
base cordateꎬ 3 ̄sectꎬ central segment broadly rhom ̄
bicꎬ ca. 1􀆰 8 cm broadꎬ 3 ̄partedꎬ secondary lobes 3 ̄
fid or 3 ̄lobedꎬ ultimate lobules ovate or deltoidꎬ la ̄
teral segments obliquely flabellateꎬ unequally 2 ̄
partedꎻ surfaces adaxially with margins villousꎬ aba ̄
xially glabrousꎻ petioles 1􀆰 5-4 cm longꎬ with scape
villous. Scape ca. 4 cm tallꎻ umbel 3 ̄floweredꎻ invo ̄
lucre bracts 3ꎬ verticillateꎬ sessileꎬ subequal in sizeꎬ
narrowly obovateꎬ ca. 1􀆰 4 cm longꎬ 1 cm broadꎬ at
base connateꎬ 3 ̄fidꎬ lobes lanceolate ̄linearꎬ adaxi ̄
ally and abaxially white ̄villous ( hairs 2􀆰 5 - 4 mm
long)ꎻ pedicels robustꎬ ca. 8 mm longꎬ villous. Se ̄
pals 4-5ꎬ broadly obovate or suborbicularꎬ ca. 8 mm
longꎬ 6-8 mm broadꎬ adaxially and abaxially sparsely
sericeousꎬ apex rounded. Stamens 18-20ꎬ 2-3 mm
longꎬ glabrousꎻ filaments linearꎬ 1-2 mm longꎻ an ̄
thers oblong ̄ovate or broadly ellipticꎬ 1 - 1􀆰 2 mm
long. Carpels ca. 15ꎬ sessileꎬ 3-3􀆰 5 mm longꎬ gla ̄
brousꎻ ovaries bilaterally compressedꎬ ellipticꎬ ca. 2
mm longꎻ styles subulateꎬ 1-1􀆰 5 mm long.
Xizang Autonomous Region: Motuo Xianꎬ in
the south of Duoxiongla Shanꎬ on alpine meadowꎬ
1980-06-24ꎬ Plateau Group of Ecology Lab. 10319
(holotypeꎬ PE).
In having linear filaments and carpels with su ̄
bulate styles this species perhaps belongs to Sect.
Himalayicae (Ulbr.) Juz.ꎬ but from all species of
that section differs in its three flowers in umbel ar ̄
ranged. In the species of Sect. Himalayicaeꎬ the
flowers are either singly terminalꎬ or two in simple
monochasium arranged. (Wangꎬ 1980ꎻ Tamuraꎬ 1995ꎻ
Ziman et al.ꎬ 2007ꎬ 2008).
Anemone jiachaensis W􀆰 T. Wangꎬ sp. nov.
Fig􀆰 1: H-K
[Sect. Stolonifera (Ulbr.) Juz.]
Species nova ad Sect. Stoloniferae fortsse perti ̄
netꎬ a speciebus sinensibus ceteris sectionis foliis
basalibus ca. 12 (nec nullis vel 1-3)ꎬ gynoecio e
carpellis ca. 70 (nec 4-16) constanti distinguitur.
Perennial herbs. Basal leaves ca. 12ꎻ blades
chartaceousꎬ pentagonalꎬ 1-2 cm longꎬ 1􀆰 2-3 cm
broadꎬ at base cordateꎬ 3 ̄sectꎬ central segment
broadly rhombicꎬ 3 ̄lobedꎬ secondary lobes near a ̄
pex 2-3 ̄denticulateꎬ lateral segments obliquely fla ̄
bellate or broadly obovateꎬ unequally 2 ̄fid or 2 ̄
lobedꎻ surfaces adaxially and abaxially appressed ̄
puberulousꎻ petioles 2-6􀆰 5 cm longꎬ spreading ̄pu ̄
bescent. Scapes ca. 2ꎬ 9-18 cm tallꎬ 1-2 mm acrossꎬ
appressed ̄puberulousꎻ cymes 1 ̄ or 3 ̄floweredꎻ in ̄
volucre bracts 3ꎬ sessileꎬ unequal in sizeꎬ rhombic ̄
obovate or broadly rhombicꎬ 3 ̄lobed or 3 ̄fidꎬ lobes
entire or 2-3 ̄denticulateꎬ on both surfaces puberu ̄
lousꎻ pedicels slenderꎬ 2􀆰 5-8 cm longꎬ appressed ̄
puberulous. Receptacle pubescent. Sepals 5ꎬ whiteꎬ
obovate ̄oblongꎬ 1􀆰 7 - 2􀆰 2 cm longꎬ 0􀆰 9 - 1􀆰 2 cm
broadꎬ adaxially glabrousꎬ abaxially near apex and
base sparsely puberulous. Stamens ca. 100ꎬ gla ̄
brousꎻ filaments filiformꎬ 2-3􀆰 5 mm longꎻ anthers
yellowꎬ rectangularꎬ ca. 1 mm long. Gynoecium
054                                  植 物 分 类 与 资 源 学 报                            第 36卷
Fig􀆰 1  A-D. Anemone motuoensis A. habitꎬ B. stamenꎬ C. gynoeciumꎬ D. carpel. ( from holotype) E-G. A􀆰 brachystema
E. habitꎬ F. androecium and gynoeciumꎬ G. carpel. ( from holotype) H-K. A􀆰 jiachaensis
H. habitꎬ I. stamenꎬ J. gynoeciumꎬ K. carpel. ( from holotype)
1544期              WANG Wen ̄Tsai: Three New Species of Anemone (Ranunculaceae) from Xizang               
broadly conicalꎬ 2 mm longꎬ 3 mm in diam.ꎻ carpels
ca. 70ꎬ sessileꎬ stylelessꎻ ovaries terete ̄ovoidꎬ 0􀆰 5
-0􀆰 7 mm longꎬ glabrousꎻ stigmata subgloboseꎬ 0􀆰 2
-0􀆰 3 mm in diam.
Xizang Autonomous Region: Jiacha Xianꎬ near
cityꎬ alt. 3 400 mꎬ on terrace in valleyꎬ herbs 25-30
cm tallꎬ fls. whiteꎬ anthers yellowꎬ 1980 - 08 - 02ꎬ
Z􀆰 C. Niꎬ Ci Duo & Ci Dan 2734 (holotypeꎬ PE).
This species is characterized by each plant hav ̄
ing more (ca. 12) basal leaves and each gynoecium
consisting of ca. 70 carpelsꎬ and by these two charac ̄
ters it can be distinguished from all other chinese spe ̄
cies of sect. Stoloniferaꎬ in which each plant has (0-)
1-2 (-3) basal leavesꎬ and each gynoecium consists
of 4-16 carpels (Wangꎬ 1980ꎻ Tamuraꎬ 1995).
Acknowledgements: I am grateful to Prof. Z􀆰 Y. Su for rivis ̄
ing the Latin diagnosesꎬ and to Mr. Sun Ying ̄Bao for making
the line drawings.
References:
Tamura Mꎬ 1995. Anemone [A]. In: P. Hiepko (ed.)ꎬ Die natürli ̄
chen Pflanzenfamilien [ M]. Zwei Aufl. Berlin: Duncker &
Humblotꎬ 17a (4): 324—349
Wang WT (王文采)ꎬ 1980. Anemone [ A]. In: Flora Republicae
Popularis Sinicae (中国植物志) [M]. Beijing: Science Pressꎬ
28: 1—56
Ziman SMꎬ Ehrendorfer Fꎬ Keener CS et al.ꎬ 2007. Revision of A ̄
nemone sect. Himalayicae (Ranunculaceae) with three new se ̄
ries [J] . Edinburg Journal of Botanyꎬ 64 (1): 51—99
Ziman SMꎬ Bulakh EVꎬ Kadota Y et al.ꎬ 2008. Modern view on the
taxonomy of the genus Anemone L. sensu stricto (Ranunculace ̄
ae) [J] . The Journal of Japanese Botanyꎬ 83: 127—155
254                                  植 物 分 类 与 资 源 学 报                            第 36卷