Abstract:Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used to evaluate the genetic relationship among 21 Chinese dwarf cherry’s wild resources accessions from different regions and four close relatives (peach, apricot, plum and cherry etc.).The results of UPGMA cluster proved that 25 primers were selected for amplification wild Chinese dwarf cherry from different regions of unambiguous and high polymorphic bands. These 25 primers amplified total 441 bands out of which 366 bands（82.99%）were polymorphic. UPGMA cluster analysis of the similarity matrix obtained from the RAPD database resulted in a dendrogram of genetic relationships that grouped 21 accessions into 3 clusters as the genetic similarity value at 0.71. They were Northeast distribution group, Northern China and eastern China distribution group, and Central and Western China distribution group, respectively；Among Chinese dwarf cherry and its closely related plant species of unambiguous, 20 primers screened for amplification amplified 683 and 98.99 % out of which were polymorphic. UPGMA cluster analysis showed that Chinese dwarf cherry and its closely related plant species accessions were grouped into 3 separate clusters as the genetic similarity value at 0.61.The largest inheritance distance is between Chinese dwarf cherry and Prunus glandulosa while the least inheritance distance is between Chinese dwarf cherry and peach（Prunus persica）.