Abstract:The karyotypic types of Taxodiaceaels endemic plants to China and neighbouring area are: Cryptomeria, "1A"; Clyptostrobus, "1A"; Metasequoia, "1A"; Cunninghamia, "1B"; Taiwania, "2B". According to the Stebbins‘[25] karyotypic evolutionary theory and karyotypic analyses of the five genera, the present author suggests that their sequence of evolutionary level from primitive to progress would be Cryptomeria, Glyptostrobus, Metasequoia, Cunninghamia, Taiwania and there be two evolutionary lines probably: A-Cryptomeria------ Glyptostrobus -----Taiwania and L-Metasequoia -----Cunninghamia. The conclusions are supported by some evidances accumulated during the past in the fields of morphology, embryology, palaeobotany and so on and shown in Fig. 1.