期 刊 ：植物遗传资源学报 2016年 17卷 2期
Keywords:Origin latitude, switchgrass, ecotype, biomass allocation,
摘 要 ：本文采用14份柳枝稷开展盆栽试验，研究了在北京地区条件下其生物量差异及分配规律。结果表明，低地型柳枝稷Kanlow生物量最高，其茎秆、地上部和整株生物量分别达到175.48 g/株，299.18 g/株和447.66 g/株，而高地型柳枝稷Nebraska生物量最低，茎秆、地上部和整株生物量分别为20.53 g/株，58.08 g/株和140.51 g/株。就柳枝稷整株植株而言，Kanlow地上部生物量分配比例最高，达到63.13%，Canada最低，为40.55%，Kanlow地上部营养器官生物量分配比例最高，达到48.67%，Nebraska最低，为31.88%。就柳枝稷地上部而言，Alamo，Kanlow和Trailblazer茎秆生物量分配比例及茎叶比均较高，分别为35.91%和2.75，37.09%和2.56，34.39%和2.48。起源纬度显著影响了柳枝稷的生物量及其分配，就柳枝稷整株植株而言，起源纬度与柳枝稷生物量显著负相关，与地下部生物量分配比例显著正相关，与地上部、种子和茎生物量分配比例显著负相关。就柳枝稷地上部而言，起源纬度与茎生物量分配比例及茎叶比显著负相关，与叶和鞘生物量分配比例显著正相关。生物量的差异及其分配规律反映出柳枝稷对生态环境长期适应的生殖与生长策略。本研究为柳枝稷遗传资源引种和品种选育提供了依据。
Abstract:In this work, pot experiment was conducted in Beijing to study the differences in biomass and its allocation of 14 switchgrass. The results showed that the low-land switchgrass Kanlow produced the most biomass with dry weights of stems, aboveground parts and the whole plant reaching to 175.48 g/plant, 299.18 g/plant and 447.66 g/plant, respectively. While, the up-land switchgrass Nebraska produced the least biomass with dry weights of stems, aboveground parts and the whole plant being 20.53 g/plant, 58.08 g/plant and 140.51 g/plant, respectively. Taking the whole plant into consideration, Kanlow allocated the highest proportion (63.13%) of biomass into aboveground parts compared to the other switchgrass cultivars, while the lowest (40.55%) was found in Canada. Moreover, Kanlow allocated the highest proportion (48.67%) of biomass into aboveground vegetative organs and the lowest proportion (31.88%) was found in Nebraska. Taking aboveground parts of switchgrass as a whole, Alamo, Kanlow and Trailblazer allocated higher proportion of biomass (35.91%, 37.09% and 34.39%, respectively) into stalks and higher stems/leaves ratio (2.75, 2.56 and 2.48, respectively) was found compared with other switchgrass cultivars. The origin latitude significantly influenced the switchgrass biomass and its allocation. Considering the whole switchgrass plant, there was significant negative correlation between the origin latitude and switchgrass biomass. Significant positive correlations between the origin latitude and biomass proportion of belowground parts and the significant negative correlations between origin latitude and the biomass proportion of aboveground parts, seeds as well as stems were also found. When talking about aboveground parts of switchgrass, a significant negative correlations between origin latitude and stems biomass proportion as well as the stems/leaves ratio were found, while significant positive correlations exhibited between origin latitude and leaves and sheaths biomass proportion. The differences of biomas and its allocation reflected a reproductive and growth strategy long-term adaptive to the ecological environment in switchgrass. This work provides the basis for introduction of genetic resources and the variety breeding of switchgrass.