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期 刊 ：植物遗传资源学报 2014年 15卷 4期

关键词：枇杷；遗传；香气；气质联用；

Keywords:loquat, inheritance, aromatic components, GC–MS,

摘 要 ：采用顶空固相微萃取和气质联用技术，分析测定了果实无明显香味的枇杷品种解放钟和香味明显的枇杷品种香甜及其正反交子代中香味明显的优系香钟11号和钟香25号的果肉香气成分。结果表明，4个枇杷品种（系）共检测出11类91种香气成分，其中萜类物质d-柠檬烯相对含量最高（62.59%~68.32%），其次是醛类物质（12.53%~18.15%）；亲本香甜香气成分种类最多（62种）、解放钟最少（44种），子代香钟11号、钟香25号介于双亲之间，香甜与2个子代共有成分为38种和36种，解放钟与2个子代共有成分为27种和26种，子代香气成分更多遗传自香甜；主要特征香气成分有d-柠檬烯、（E）-2-已烯醛、正辛醛、正己醛、乙酸苏合香酯、2-甲基丁酸甲酯、庚酸烯丙酯、2-甲基丁酸乙酯等；并讨论了解放钟果肉香味不明显的可能原因。

Abstract:Volatiles of four loquat cultivars, Xiangtian, Jiefangzhong, Xiangzhong No.11 (Xiangtian♀×Jiefangzhong♂) and Zhongxiang No.25 (Jiefangzhong♀×Xiangtian♂) were evaluated by HS-SPME-GC-MS. Results showed that 91 aromatic volatile compounds in 11 categories were detected, in which terpenoids D-Limonene was the highest, accounted for 62.59%-68.32%, aldehydes were the next, accounted for 12.53%-18.15%. Sixty two components of volatile in Xiangtian were detected, in Jiefangzhong only 44 components. The volatile quantities in Xiangzhong No.11 and Zhongxiang No.25 were between in their parents. The common aromatic components present in both Xiangtian and its hybrid progeny were 38 and 36 kinds, respectively, whereas in Jiefangzhong and its hybrid progeny were 27 and 26 kinds of components, indicating that most of aroma compounds in offsprings were inherited from Xiangtian. The main aroma components were D-limonene, (E)-2-hexenal, , octanal, hexanal, benzenemethanol, .alpha.-methyl-, acetate, butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, methylester, allyl heptanoate and butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, ethyl ester. And the reason of Jiefangzhong has no significant aromatic volatiles were discussed.

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