---

期 刊 ：植物遗传资源学报 2015年 16卷 3期

关键词：茶树；种质资源；表形分化；遗传多样性；

Keywords:tea plant, germplasm resources, phenotypic differentiation, genetic diversity,

摘 要 ：本文以贵州省毕节市纳雍县姑菁村周边的野生茶树为研究对象，对其叶、花及果等34个表型性状进行统计分析，结果表明：21个描述型性状中有10个仅表现为1种表型，具有相对稳定的植物学性状，另11个表现出不同程度的遗传分化。在数值型性状方面，变异系数在3.74%-21.86%之间，平均为15.10%；多样性指数在0.15-2.02之间，平均为1.62；基于数值型性状的聚类分析可把样本聚为3类，其中第2、3类均仅有3个样本，说明应在后续进行农艺性状和品质性状鉴定以及对该资源保护与利用时应对该类的样株加以区分和重点关注；在环境影响方面，叶器官与果器官受到不同程度的海拔因素影响表现出极显著相关以及分海拔区段间的差异性。姑菁野生茶树资源表型多样性丰富，后代遗传变异水平较高，具有较高的育种潜力。

Abstract:In this paper, the leaf, flower, fruit and other 34 phenotypic traits of tea plant from Gu Jing Cun, Nayong County, Bijie City, Guizhou Province,were analysed . The results showed that 10 of the 21 described characters showed only one phenotypes with relatively stable botany characters , and the other 11 exhibited different levels of genetic differentiation. The variation coefficient was between 3.74%-21.86% with the average as 15.10%. The diversity index was between 0.15-2.02 with the average as 1.62. Then the samples can be clustered into 3 groups based on numerical characters, and the 2 and 3 classes has had only 3 samples for each. From those, we suggested that it was necessary to distinguish the lines of class III in the industrialization development, identify the agronomic traits and quality traits and pay attention to biodiversity conservation. In addition, leaf and fruit organs were affected by altitude factors v significantly.Tea plant of Gu Jing have a high breeding potential with the abundant phenotypic diversity and significant genetic variation .

---