全 文 : 2007 Vol.5 No.4 25
ACADEMIC FIELD 学术园地
省藤属(棕榈科)一新种——斑岭省藤
杨成源1 杨正华2 卢靖 2
(1 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 云南勐腊 666303;
2 云南省德宏州林业科学研究所)
摘 要: 描述了采自中国云南的省藤属新种斑岭省藤Calamus banlingensis C. Y. Yang, Z. H. Yang et J.
Lu。新种与无刺省藤(C. inermis T and.)相近,区别在于藤果较大,近球形,大多数歪斜似鸟
头,喙与主轴的夹角约15o;鳞片达20纵列,每列由10~11个鳞片组成。而无刺藤果实较小,椭圆形,
鳞片仅18纵列。
关键词:省藤属;斑岭省藤;棕榈科;新种;云南;中国
Calamus banlingensis, a New Species of Calamus (Palmae) from Yunnan, China
Yang Chengyuan; Yang Zhenghua; Lu Jing
Abstract: This paper describes Calamus, banlingensis C. Y. Yang, Z. H. Yang et J. Lu, a new species of
Calamus from Yunnan, China. It is closely related to C. inermis T, but differs in cane seed which is bigger and
looks like a bulb similar to bird-head, with the angle 15o between beak and main axis, and has scale as much as
20 columns comprised of 10~11 scale.
Key Words: Calamus; Calamus banlingensis; Palmae; new species; Yunnan; China
省藤属(Calamus Linn)棕榈科(Palmae)中最
大的一个属,包括的种类较多。根据1987年Uhl
和Dransfield的专著记述,该属全世界有500余
种,主要分布在亚洲热带、南亚热带山区。中国
分布的省藤属植物,1986年卫兆芬记述有28种,
1989年裴盛基等记述有24种、3变种,2002年
江泽慧记述有37种、26变种。最近,作者在研
究本属的过程中,在我国云南发现了省藤属的
一个新种。
Calamus banlingensis C. Y. Yang, Z. H. Yang
et J. Lu, sp. nov. Fig.1
Calamus banlingensis C. Y. Yang, Z. H. Yang
et J. Lu; C. inermis T and. Primo adspectu maxime,
sed fructus fere ornithocephalus, inter rostrum
inclinatus 15o, squamis rhombus, marginatus badius
dimidium distale rostrati et longitudinaliter ad. 20-
seriatis in quoque serie 10~11.
Scandens, caule cum vagina 5~6 cm in diametro,
caule absque vagina 2.5~3.0cm, distantia inter articu-
lus affinis 20~30cm. Frondes pinnatisectae, 3~4 m
longae, intra petioli circ. 15 cm longae, pars
segmentata frondis circ. 2.5~2.8 m longa, apice cirrhis
circ. 1.5~2.0 m longis. vaginae flavovirantibus, supra
medium 2- vel 3-aculeis complanate angusasti-deltatis,
circ. 1.5~2.0cm longum; apice umbrinus; petioti non
spinosus, basi geniculatus. rhachis supra non spinosus,
subtus secus medium unguibus solitariis vel 2~3
aggregatis ornate, apice cirrho semiverticillatim
unguilatiformi producta; spinis 2.0~2.5 cm longae,
distantia 10~15 cm inter articulus affinis. foliola
irregulariter solitaria (supra medium) vel 2 fasciculata
(infra medium), ensifolia vel angustilanceolata, 40~60
cm longa et latissimium 4.0~4.5 cm; costa crassa,
utrinque elevata; nervi laterals numerosi, non
aequicrassi, inter duo nervos in latere costa conspicue
crassiores, utrinque prominuli; nervuli transversi
undulati, utrinque conspicui. cirrhis spinosus
semiverticillatim, spinis 5~6 cm longae; inflorescentia
feminea et mascula homogenea; inflorescentia
mascula bis ramificans, flores masculus ovatus circ.
DOI:10.13640/j.cnki.wbr.2007.04.001
26 2007年 第5卷 第4期
世界竹藤通讯 WORLD BAMBOO AND RATTAN
图版1 班岭省藤 (Calamus banlingensis) C. Y. Yang, Z. H. Yang et J. Lu 2004
1.藤蔓;2.种子和幼苗;3.小穗状花序和花序顶端的桨状物;4.雌花和花序;5.藤果和果序分枝;6.藤茎;7.纤鞭;8.叶轴
Fig.1 Calamus banlingensis C. Y. Yang, Z. H. Yang et J. Lu 2004
1.plantlet; 2.seed and seedling; 3.spicule and blade on top of inflorescence; 4.female flower and inflorescence;
5.fruit and branch of fruit inflorescence; 6.stem of rattan; 7.a whip with a number of splinter; 8.leaf axis
2007 Vol.5 No.4 27
ACADEMIC FIELD 学术园地
4 mm longus, stamina 6; inflorescentia feminea
ter ramificans, ophiorhachus, specula falcatus;
inflorescentia femineus spike bis ramificans, 60~110
cm longus, ramificatio 20~40cm longus, spicula
decflosculis, 7~9 cm longi, flos femineus (non spertus)
ovatus, c. 5 mm longus. Fructus ornithocephalus,
omnino 2.8~3.0 cm longi, 2.0~2.3 cm lati, inter ros-
trum 2.5 mm longi, inclinatus 15o, pedicelli 2.0 mm
longi; squamae flavidae circ. 20 verticaliter seriatae,
constans 10~11 in fer omni seri, supra margine badius;
semina rotundata vel subrotundata, 1.0~1.2 cm longa,
0.8~1.0 cm lata, dorso et ventere paullo compressa,
facie multum alveolata; hila concave, in medio ventrali
posita; albumina profundius ruminata; embryones
basilares.
China. Yunnan(云南): vicinity of Banling
village in Ruili city, on soil under forest, alt. 900 m,
8~10 m tall, caulis et flowers, 2004-05-19, C. Y. Yang,
J . Lu & Q. Meng(杨成源、卢靖、梦琼);
fructus, 2004-03-20, J. Lu & Q. Meng(卢靖、
梦琼)21(a)(DAPIF accession No: 543)(holotype,
here designated, DAPIF; ISOTYPE, XTBG, CAS).
攀缘性藤本,新鲜时带鞘直径7~8cm,去
鞘直径3~4cm,节间长度19~32cm;气干藤直
径1.5~2.0cm。叶羽状全裂;叶柄长15cm,
基部膝状突起无刺;羽片部分长250~280cm;
顶端的纤鞭长1.5~2.0m;叶鞘灰绿色,具长
而扁平的三角形刺2~3根,长1.5~2.0cm,刺
端呈黑褐色。叶轴上面无刺,下面沿中央具
单个或2~3个聚生的爪,长约2.0~2.5cm,爪
之间的距离10~15cm。羽片剑形,绿色,长
40~60cm,最宽处宽4.0~4.2cm,不等距排
列,叶轴中部羽片较长,向两端羽片逐渐变
短,下半部常常2片一组排列。主脉粗壮,两
面隆起,侧脉多数,不等粗,其中主脉两侧
的2条明显较粗,两面微突;小横脉波状,两
面明显。纤鞭轮生刺之间距离5~6cm。雌雄花
序异型,雄花序二回羽状,雄蕊6 枚;雌花
序长6 0~1 0 0 c m,二回分枝,分枝花序长
20~40cm,花序轴近 “之”字型弯曲,小
穗状花序呈镰刀状弯曲,长3~5cm,有小花10
朵,雌花柱头3瓣。成熟果序长60~110cm,分
枝果序长约20~40cm,小穗长7~9cm。藤果似
老鹰,喙与主轴成15o角,长1.6~1.8cm,宽
1.4~1.5cm,其中果柄长2.5mm,喙长2.0mm;
有鳞片20纵列,每列10~11片。鳞片为对称
菱形,革质,下半部(呈三角形)边缘为为棕褐
色,其余部分为淡黄色,中央具沟槽。种子心形,
长1.05cm,宽0.85cm,厚0.70cm,胚乳深度
嚼烂状,胚基生。果实成熟期2~3 月份。
本种初一看极似无刺省藤(C. inermis T
and.),但仔细观察它的藤果较大,形状似歪斜鸟
头,喙与主轴的夹角约15o,鳞片20纵列,每
列由10~11个鳞片组成。而无刺藤果实较小,
椭圆形,鳞片仅18纵列。
参考文献
1 江泽慧.Bamboo and rattan in the world. Shenyang: Liaoning
Science and Technology Press, 2002,456~462
2 卫兆芬.A study on the genus Calamus of China. Guibaia,
1986, 6 (1~2): 17~40
3 裴盛基,陈三阳,童绍全.New materials of Palmae from
China. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica, 1989, 27 (2): 132~146
4 Uhl, N W & Dransfield, J. Genera Palmarum: A classification
of palms based on the work of Harold E Moore, Jr. Lawrence,
Kansas: Allen Press, 1987, 233~278, 610
5 Beccari,O. Asiatic Palms-Lepidocaryeae. Part I. The Species
of Calamus. Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Calc. 1980, 11:436~438gP
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