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作 者 ：欧阳石文 赵开军 冯兰香

期 刊 ：植物学通报 2001年 18卷 04期 页码：418-426

关键词：植物几丁质酶；结构与功能；分类；进化；

摘 要 ：近年来对几丁质酶的研究越来越深入，资料也愈来愈多。有的植物几丁质酶除具有几丁质酶活性，还具有其它的活性。典型的几丁质酶由N_端信号区、催化区和C_端延伸区组成，有的还有几丁质结合域。各功能域具有各自的功能。对植物几丁质酶的分类已经过多次改进，目前公认的是分成4组9个亚组。有证据表明植物几丁质酶在进化过程中有遗传转座现象，但具体进化过程还有待进一步确证。对几丁质酶与其它一些蛋白的关系的了解有助于理解几丁质酶的起源和进化。由于几丁质酶具有独特的抗真菌特性，因而几丁质酶基因成为目前抗真菌基因工程研究的热点之一。

Abstract:More and more data of plant chitinases have been accumulated. Some plant chitinases not only have the activity of degrading chitin but also have others activities. Typical chitinases have a N_terminal signal region, a catalytic domain and a C-terminal region, but some chitinases have one or more chitin_binding domains. Every domain has its own function. The classification system of plant chitinases has been revised several times and the present system makes up of 4 classes containing 9 families. There were transpositions during the evolution of plant chitinases, which has been universally accepted, but the views on the order of their evolution are different. Understanding the relation between chitinases and some others proteins can help to understand the evolution and origin of chitinases. Chitinase genes have broad application in genetic engineering of plant resistance to fungal diseases due to the special anti_fungal character of chitinases.

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