cirpus mariqueter Tang et Zhang is a typical pioneer plant colonizing the bare beaches of the Yangtse River estuary. To explore the life history strategy of the species with reference to environmental physical stress, the biomass allocations to different plant components and some related morphological parameters were examined along an elevational gradient within a salt marsh. Authors found that S. mariqueter performed best at medium elevation within the marsh, with relatively high density of shoot and individual ramet dry mass. Biomass allocation to corm was the highest at low elevations, and the least at high elevations, suggesting that a conservative strategy was adopted by the species to cope with the harsh physical conditions at the low elevation. The investment in rhizome decreased from low to high elevations, while the proportion of inflorescence mass increased, indicating that during the life history, the species shifts from predominant asexual reproduction to predominant sexual reproduction. This may be favourable for the species to colonize larger area, and to spread and persist at a meta-population level. Correlation analyses showed that sexual reproduction was inversely related to growth and asexual reproduction. However, it is difficult to determine the relationship between asexual reproduction and growth possibly because of the varied function of the corms of the species in different life history stages.
长江口盐沼海三棱藨草在高程梯度上的生物量分配
孙书存1 蔡永立2 刘 红3
（1. 华东师范大学河口海岸国家重点实验室，上海200062)
摘要: 海三棱草 (Scirpusmariqueter TangetZhang)是一种典型的先锋植物。它能占据于长江口盐沼的光滩上 ,生境非常恶劣。为探索该物种在高度环境胁迫下的生活史策略 ,测定了它在高程梯度上的生物量分配 ,以及有关形态学参数。结果发现海三棱草在中位高程时密度和单株生物量最高 ,生长最好。在由低及高的高程梯度上 ,球茎、根状茎的生物量分配比例逐渐下降 ,表明植物体在光滩前沿采取保守策略 ;而花序的比例则逐渐上升 ,表明植物在生活史过程中 ,由无性生殖向有性生殖的转变。这种转变可能有利于种群的扩散和生存。另外 ,相关分析表明 ,有性生殖性状与无性生殖、生长性状呈负相关 ,但无性生殖与生长性状间的关系难以确定 ,可能由于球茎在不同生活史阶段的不同功能引起。
关键词： 无性生殖；球茎；盐沼；有性生殖；生活史策略；负耦联
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