Abstract:This paper deal with a new species of Amyelon Amyelon xui, found in the Late Permian coal balls from Wangjiazhai of Shuicheng district, Guizhou province, China. The morphology and structure of the new species are deseribed. The three species: A. radicans, A. iowense and A. xui are investigated in comparetive morphology, anatomy and ecology. It is thought that these “species” possibly represent different ecotypes. In this paper, environment of formation of the coal balls and phylogeny also are discussed.