Spore morphology of five species and three varieties of Leptolepidium was examined under LM and SEM. Two distinctive types of spores were found: subglobose spore with cristate or reticulate perine in L. dalhousiae and L. duthiei, and tetrahedral-globose spore with almost smooth perine in L. kuhnii, L. caesium and L. subvillosum. The first type of spores is also represented in the genus Aleuritopteris. The relationship between Leptolepidium and Aleuritopteris needs more studies.