Abstract:Newly-synthesized proteins are required for neural plasticity and structural plasticity in central nervous system. It will be very helpful to demonstrate the mechanism for neural plasticity by identifying and elucidating the newly-synthesized proteins in specific subcellular compartments. In recent several years， the non-canonical amino acid labeling techniques of BONCAT (bioorthogonal non-canonical amino acid tagging) and FUNCAT (fluorescent non-canonical amino acid tagging) have been widely used to observe protein dynamics and subcellular localization， which provides novel techniques for studying neural plasticity. The next generation of these biological tools not only can increase the sensitivity for detection of newly-synthesized proteins， but also can track the protein dynamics in subcellular compartments in vivo. It has been considered as one of the important techniques for studying newlysynthesized proteins besides the classical methods of fluorescent and radioisotope labeling of proteins. The new techniques for labeling of newly-synthesized proteins by click chemistry， identification of proteomes combined with mass spectrometry (MS) and its applications in animal models are reviewed.