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作 者 ：杨凤,闫喜武,张跃环,梁峻,李可闻,刘建立,张国范

期 刊 ：生态学报 2010年 30卷 4期 页码：989~994

关键词：大蒜；菲律宾蛤仔；生长；存活；变态；

Keywords:garlic extract, Ruditapes philippinarum, growth, survival, metamorphosis,

摘 要 ：实验了不同大蒜汁浓度（0、2、4、8、16、32 mg/L）对菲律宾蛤仔受精卵孵化率，幼虫生长、存活、变态及稚贝生长与存活的影响，总结了室内大规模人工育苗过程中大蒜防病效果。结果表明：随着大蒜汁浓度的增加，孵化率降低；大蒜汁浓度达到16mg/L，胚胎发育延迟；达到32mg/L，受精卵不能孵化为正常幼虫。浮游期间，幼虫的生长受大蒜汁抑制，幼虫的存活率则随着大蒜汁浓度增加先升高后降低；幼虫的变态率随着大蒜汁浓度的增加先升高后降低，以16mg/L为最适浓度；变态规格随着大蒜汁浓度增加而减小。室内培育期间，稚贝生长与存活随着大蒜汁浓度的增加先升高后降低，以8mg/L为最适浓度；室内大规模人工育苗过程中，使用浓度为8-10mg/L大蒜汁可以起到较好的防病效果。

Abstract:This study investigated effects of various concentrations of garlic extract (0, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 mg/L) on hatching rate, growth and survival of larvae and juveniles, metamorphosis, and disease prevention for Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum. The results showed that the hatching rate decreased with increasing concentrations of garlic extract. A garlic extract concentration of 16 mg/L resulted in delayed embryo development, and 32 mg/L resulted in hatching failure of the embryos. During the planktonic stage, larval growth was depressed by garlic extract; larval survival and metamorphosis increased and then decreased as garlic extract concentrations increased. A garlic extract concentration of 16 mg/L appeared to be optimal for larval metamorphosis and survival. The metamorphosis size decreased with increasing garlic extract concentrations. During the indoor rearing period, the growth and survival of juveniles also increased and then decreased as garlic extract concentrations increased, with 8 mg/L being the optimum concentration. Results from the present study demonstrated that garlic extract concentrations of 8-10 mg/L could prevent diseases in the hatchery.

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