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作 者 ：王义平,吴鸿,徐华潮

期 刊 ：生态学报 2008年 28卷 11期 页码：5259~5269

关键词：蝶类；多样性；环境；浙江；重点生态区；

Keywords:butterfly, diversity, environment, Zhejiang, important ecological area,

摘 要 ：选取浙江龙王山、天目山、古田山、乌岩岭和百山祖等为样地以网捕方法，对上述重点生态地区的蝶类种类及种群动态进行了系统研究，将所采集的蝶类种类及个体数，以微软的Excel列表、计算及作图，进行蝶类群落的种-多度曲线、多样性指数、均匀度与优势度等数据分析，并以此类昆虫作为指示生物对各重点生态地区的森林环境健康状况进行了评价。结果表明：5个重点生态地区的蝶类分布均呈对数正态分布，各重点生态区蝶类个体数分布规律更接近对数级数法则。天目山和乌岩岭分别有国家二级保护动物中华虎凤蝶Luehdorfia chinensis和一级保护动物金斑喙凤蝶Teinopalpus aureus，分别有4种和3种中国保护种，有25种和11种中国特有种，多样性指数分别为0.9757和1.7570，暗示该2处生态地区的环境质量优越；而古田山和百山祖均没有国家级保护动物，中国保护种分别有2种和3种，中国特有种5种和15种，多样性指数分别为1.3492和11593，也说明此2处生态地区的环境质量较好；龙王山没有国家级保护动物，中国保护种仅1种，中国特有种11种，多样性指数为08491，暗示该生态地区的环境质量相对较差或该生态地区的环境质量正在趋向恶化。近年来，由于酸雨和台风等自然气候，以及人为干扰引起森林环境健康受到不同程度影响，龙王山森林环境不稳定，退化严重，部分区域已不适合保护蝶类种昆虫的生存。

Abstract:A systematic study of butterfly species and dynamics has been conducted in the important ecological areas of Zhejiang including the mountains of Longwang, Tianmu, Gutian, Wuyanling and Baishanzu, with sampling plots set and net capture adopted there. Microsoft Excel was used to list the butterfly species and number collected, followed by calculation and graphing to analyze species-abundance curves, diversity index, evenness and dominant degree. The category of butterfly was then used as an indicator to evaluate forest environmental health of these areas. The results reveal that in these areas distribution of butterfly category fitted a logarithmic normal distribution, but the number of each butterfly category was in conformity with the rule of a logarithmic series. The Tianmu and Wuyanling Mountains had a nationally protected Grade II Luehdorfia chinensis and a nationally protected Grade I Ornithoptera alexandrae, 4 and 3 protected species within China, and 25 and 11 species native to China, with a diversity index of 0.9757 and 1.7570, respectively, which indicated that the environmental quality of these two areas was excellent. The mountains of Gutian and Baishanzu had no nationally protected species found and only had 2 and 3 protected species within China and 5 and 15 species native to China, with a diversity index of 1.3492 and 1.1593, respectively, which also indicated a good environmental quality. The Longwang Mountain had no nationally protected species found and only had one protected species within China, 11 species native to China, with a diversity index of 0.8491, which meant that the environmental quality there was relatively poor or the environmental quality there tended to deteriorate. In recent years, such natural climates as acidic rain and typhoon and human disturbance have a different impact on forest environmental health. In the Longwang Mountain, forest environment has been unstable and deteriorated severely, part of which has not been suitable for survival of such insects as butterfly protected species.

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