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作 者 ：张景平,黄小平*

期 刊 ：生态学报 2009年 29卷 10期 页码：5611~5617

关键词：海草；附生藻类；摄食作用；营养盐；光；水流；

Keywords:seagrass, epiphytic algae, grazing, nutrients, irradiance, water motion,

摘 要 ：海草叶片上的附生藻类负荷量很大程度上决定了其对海草影响的强度及利弊的方向，它是各种非生物因子及生物因子相互作用的结果。总结了近20a来海草附生藻类生物量控制因子的研究进展，归纳得出影响海草附生藻类生物量的因子主要有生物因子中海草自身的生理特性和食草动物的摄食作用、化学因子中的营养盐浓度、物理因子中的可利用光强度和水流等。其中，作为主要上行效应的营养盐浓度以及作为主要下行效应的摄食作用对海草附生藻类生物量起十分重要的调节作用。最后，对未来的研究提出了展望：①上行效应及下行效应对于调节海草-附生藻类群落结构的相对重要性及其定量分析；②在各种因子单独作用以及联合作用下附生藻类生物量的变化规律；③海草释放化感物质调节附生藻类生长的机制；④附生藻类对海草生长的综合作用机制。

Abstract:The abundance of epiphytic algae on seagrasses, the result of interactions among many biotic and/or abiotic factors, can largely determine the impact intensity and the direction of the pros and cons. This paper systematically reviews the information on the effect factors on the abundance of epiphytic algae in the past two decades, the results show three main regulatory factors: physiological characteristics of seagrasses, biological factors (grazing by herbivores), chemical factors (nutrients concentration), and physical factors (irradiance and water motion). Among them, grazing (the main form of top-down) and nutrient concentration (the main form of bottom-up) are relatively important. Finally, the important aspects for the further study are pointed out: ① Relative roles of top-down and bottom-up factors in seagrass ecosystem and their quantification; ② Reaction of epiphytic algae to separate and combined factors; ③ Mechanism of the chemical defenses released by seagrass to regulate the epiphytic algae; and ④ the influence mechanism of epiphytic algae on seagrass.

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