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作 者 ：郭培国，李明启

期 刊 ：热带亚热带植物学报 1996年 4卷 4期 页码：60~65

关键词：杂交水稻；光合速率；叶绿素；叶绿素－蛋白复合物；诱导荧光动力学；

Keywords:Rice hybrid, Photosynthetic rate, Chlorophyll, Chlorophyll-protein complex, Chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics,

摘 要 ：研究了杂交水稻青优１５９和广优四号及其亲本功能叶片的光合速率、叶绿素含量、叶绿素－蛋白复合物及诱导荧光动力学特性．这二个杂交水稻的光合速率分别高于其亲本，其超亲优势分别为１８．７２％和１８．２％，平均优势分别为２９．６％和２６．２％．杂交水稻功能叶片的叶绿素－蛋白复合物在６５０ｎｍ和６７５ｎｍ处光密度扫描峰面积具有明显的杂种优势，并与光合速率之间有较密切的正相关关系；叶绿素诱导荧光动力学特征参数Ｆｖ／Ｆｍ和Ｆｖ／Ｆｏ比值超过其高值亲本，具有杂种优势；杂交水稻功能叶片的叶绿素含量没有明显的杂种优势，光合速率与叶绿素含量之间没有明显的相关关系。而杂交水稻功能叶片的叶绿素ａ／ｂ比值均低于其亲本，并且叶绿素ａ／ｂ比值与光合速率呈较为密切负相关．

Abstract:Studies were made on photosynthetic rates, chlorophyll contents and chl a/b ratio,chlorophyll-protein complexes and chlorophyll induction fluorescence kinetics in two rice hybrid progenies in comparison with their parents. Two rice hybrids used were Qingyou 159(F1) and its parents Qing A(♀) and R159(♂), Guangyou No. 4(F1) and its parents Guang A(♀) and Qingliuai(♂). It was found that the photosynthetic rates of both hybrids were much higher than their parentS (18% heterobeltiosis, 26%-30% mid-parent heterosis). The chlorophyll contents in leaves of both hybrids were not much different from that of their parents and showed only a low mid-parent heterosis, while chl a/b ratios were lower in these two hybrids than in their parents. Statistical analysis showed no correlation between photosynthetic rates and chlorophyll contents, and the chl a/b ratio showed significant negative correlation with photosynthetic rate. Determination of the chlorophyll-protein complex content by SDS-electrophoresis followed by scanning of the electrophoretogram at 650nm and 675nm showed that the peak area of OD values in both hybrids were much higher than that of their respective parents with marked heterobeltiosis, and was significantly correlated with photosynthetic rate. Chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics studies showed that the characteristic parameters (Fv/Fo and Fv/Fm) in the hybrids were higher than those of their respective parents, indicating a higher photosystem Ⅱ activity and high primary photochemical efficiency of photosystem Ⅱ in these two rice hybrids than that in their respective parents.

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