Abstract:The growth characteristics and the taxol content in the leaves and branches of Taxus chinensis var. mairei and the environment factors were studied. The correlativity between the growth characteristics and the taxol content in the leaves and branches of T.chinensis var. mairei and the environment factors showed that there was a extremely significant positive correlation between the growth and the air and soil humidity, and there was a significant positive correlation with the air and soil temperature, soil N content, soil K content, soil organic matter and soil tensity and a negative correlation with the net radiation and soil P content, but the correlation was not significant, which indicated that the high temperature and humidity and shade was favored to the growth of T.chinensis var.mairei, which needed more soil P content; There was a negative correlation between the taxol content and the air and soil humidity, the soil N, P, K content and a positive correlation with air and soil temperature, net radiation soil organic matter and soil tensity, which indicated that high temperature, high light tensity and drought were favored to the increase of taxol content, which needed more soil N, P, K content, especially the soil N and K content. There was a negative correlation between the growth and the taxol content, but the correlation was not significant, which indicated that taxol may be defense substance, which made the T.chinensis var. mairei adapt to the adversity, such as high temperature, drought, high light tensity and so on.