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期 刊 ：植物保护学报 2005年

关键词：放线菌；病原菌；抑制作用；保护作用；治疗作用；

Keywords:Streptomyces, pathomycetes, inhibition, protective efficiency, therapeutic efficiency,

摘 要 ：研究结果表明,用生长速率法测定自秦岭太白山区土壤中分离出的拮抗放线菌s-930-6菌株,其发酵液粗提物对供试病原菌都有不同程度的抑制作用,其中对小麦根腐病菌的菌丝生长作用最强,EC₅₀为2.6g/L。用孢子萌发法测定,该粗提物对黄瓜枯萎病菌和番茄枯萎病菌的孢子萌发抑制作用较强,EC₅₀分别为0.04、0.02g/L。用D101大孔树脂对粗提物进行提取得到精提物,它对5种供试病菌的菌丝生长在500mg/L浓度下有不同程度的抑制作用,其中对小麦赤霉病菌、小麦根腐病菌和黄瓜枯萎病菌的抑制效果超过85％。精提物在500mg/L浓度下对小麦白粉病的保护作用为76.39％,对黄瓜霜霉病保护作用为82.38％,治疗作用为78.31％。用高效液相色谱(HPLC)分离纯化精提物得到4个组分,其中B组分对小麦赤霉病菌的抑制作用最强,达到94.14％,初步鉴定B组分为氨基糖苷类化合物。

Abstract:The rude abstracts of the fermentation broth of s-930-6 strain isolated from the soil of Qinling Taibai Mountain exhibited strong antifungal activity against the mycelium growth of Bipolaris sorokiniana and the spore germination of F.oxysporum f.sp.cucumbrum Owen and F.oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici. The EC₅₀ were 2.6g/L,0.04g/L and 0.02g/L respectively. A refined complex was refined from the rude abstracts by D101 macroreticular resin, which could inhibited the mycelium growth of Fusarium graminearum, Bipolaris sorokiniana and F.oxysporum f.sp.cucumbrum Owen. The inhibition efficiencies were all above 85% at 500mg/L concentration. In the pot tests, the refined complex had protective efficiency of 76.39% against Erysiphe graminis at the concentration of 500mg/L. The protective efficiency against Psudoperonospora cubensis was 82.38% and the therapeutic efficiency was 78.31% at the concentration of 500mg/L. Four compounds were isolated and purified from the refined complex by HPLC. Fraction B with the strongest antifungal activity of 94.14% against Fusarium graminearum  was identified as aminoglycoside compound by general analysis methods.

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