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期 刊 ：植物保护学报 2005年

关键词：杂交狗牙根；叶枯病；新月弯孢；生物学特性；

Keywords:Cynodon hybrid, leaf blight, Curvularia lunata, biological characteristics,

摘 要 ：杂交狗牙根叶枯病是武汉地区高尔夫球场草坪上的一种重要病害。为了查明该病害的病原和控制该病害的发生,对叶枯病的病原物进行了分离鉴定、生物学特性研究以及室内药剂筛选。形态学观察结果表明,引起杂交狗牙根叶枯病的病原物为新月弯孢Curvularia lunata (Wakker)Boedijn;生物学特性研究显示C.lunata生长的适宜温度为20~35℃,最适温度为25℃,适宜pH值为5~8,最适pH值为6;在所测试的碳源中,C.lunata对葡萄糖和蔗糖的利用最好,对半乳糖的利用效果最差;在所测试的氮源中,对KNO₃利用最好,对NH₄Cl和氨基乙酸的利用最差;菌丝的致死温度为55℃ 10min。室内PDA平板药剂筛选结果表明,10%苯醚甲环唑对病菌菌丝生长的抑制效果最好。

Abstract:A leaf blight of Cynodon hybrid was found to be an important disease on golf courses in Wuhan, but there have been few reports of this disease in China. To better manage this disease, we obtained some isolates, tested Kochs postulates, identified and studied some biological characteristics and screened fungicides of the pathogen. The results showed that the pathogen was Curvularia lunata (Wakker)Boedijn based on morphological characteristics. The pathogen grew well at a temperature range of 20-35℃ as well as a pH range of 5-8, in which the optimal temperature and pH were 25℃ and 6, respectively. Through carbon sources testing, glucose and sucrose were found to support growth which were significantly faster than other sources, while galactose was found to support the slowest growth. Among the nitrogen sources tested, potassium nitrate supported the fastest growth, whereas ammonium chloride and aminoacetic acid supported the least growth. Hyphal viability was completely lost when hyphal agar plugs incubated at 55℃ for 10 minutes. Fungicide testing on PDA plates revealed that 10% difenoconazole showed the greatest inhibition of hyphal growth among the ones tested.

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