以鸡粪为材料,添加不同比例的铜锌进行腐解试验,研究了腐解过程中不同溶性(水溶性、氢氧化钠溶性、氢氧化钠-焦磷酸钠混合液溶性)腐殖物质结合形态锌浓度的动态变化、受铜含量的影响及其与有效锌的关系。结果表明,粪肥原样水溶性锌(H2O-Zn)占其全锌量的0.74%,在腐解过程中逐渐下降;随着粪肥中添加锌量的增加(Cu/Zn为1: 1、1: 2、1: 3处理),H2O-Zn含量也相应增加,但平均含量占其全锌的比例低于对照处理,同时也随着腐解时间延长呈减少趋势。铜含量的增加对H2O-Zn提取有促进作用。腐解初期,粪肥原样中NaOH浸提取锌含量占其全锌量的62.41%,在腐解过程其比例大幅度下降;NaOH腐殖物质结合态锌(NaOH-Zn)随着加入锌的增大而有所增加,随着铜含量增加,NaOH溶性腐殖物质结合态锌的含量也有增加趋势,而随着腐解时间呈下降趋势。粪肥原样中NaOH-Na4P2O7提取腐殖物质络合锌含量占其全锌量的13.59%,随腐解时间推移呈增加趋势;NaOH-Na4P2O7提取腐殖物质络合态锌(NaOH-Na4P2O7-Zn)的量随着加入锌量的增加,其变化不大,且铜含量对NaOH-Na4P2O7提取腐殖物质络合态锌的量影响很小。在堆腐前,在各个处理样中,50%~85%的可溶性锌分配在NaOH的溶液,10%~50%分配在碱性混合液,0~5%在水溶液;至腐解后期,58%~92%分配在NaOH-Na4P2O7溶液,6%~41%分配在NaOH的溶液,0~2%分配在水溶液。随着锌含量增加,H2O-Zn和NaOH-Zn的分配比例逐渐增加,而NaOH-Na4P2O7-Zn的分配比例减少。在堆腐粪肥中,水溶性锌、NaOH溶性腐殖物质结合态锌与有效锌浓度之间显极正显著或正显著相关,而NaOH-Na4P2O7-Zn溶性腐殖物质络合态锌与水溶性锌,NaOH溶性腐殖物质结合态锌及有效锌浓度都显极负显著或负显著相关。
Chicken manures added with Cu and Zn were used for composting experiment to study the changes of humus complexed zinc(humus-zinc)extracted by H2O, NaOH and NaOH-Na4P2O7 mixture (expressed as H2O-Zn,NaOH-Zn and NaOH-Na4P2O7-Zn), respectively. The effect of copper in compost on humus-zinc and the relationship between humus-zinc and available Zn were also revealed. H2O-Zn of raw manure accounted for 0.74% of total Zinc of the compost, and decreased with the manure composting. With the increase of adding zinc (Cu/Zn was 1: 1, 1: 2 and 1: 3), H2O-Zn increased correspondingly, and decreased with the process of decomposition. The average percentages of H2O-Zn to total Zinc of the treatment of 1: 1, 1: 2 and 1: 3 were lower than that of the control (raw materials). H2O-Zn was increased with the increase of copper content. NaOH-Zn accounted for 62.41% of total Zn of the raw manure and decreased dramatically with the compost proceeding. With the increase of adding Zn,
NaOH-Zn increased, but decreased with decomposing process. During decomposition, the added copper increased the content of NaOH-Zn. NaOH-Na4P2O7-Zn accounted for 13.59% of total copper of the raw manure, which increased with time of composting. With the added Zn content increasing in compost manure, the percentage of NaOH-Na4P2O7-Zn to total Zn changed slightly. The added copper had no significant effect on NaOH-Na4P2O7-Zn. Before composting, of all humus–zinc extracted by H2O, NaOH and NaOH-Na4P2O7 , respectively, 50%–85% of extracted humus–Zn was present in NaOH fraction, 10%–50% in NaOH-Na4P2O7 fraction, and 0–5% in H2O fraction. After composting, 6%–41% of extracted humus–zinc was present in NaOH fraction, 58%–92% in NaOH-Na4P2O7 fraction, and 0–2% in H2O fraction. With the added zinc contents increasing, the distribution percent of NaOH-Na4P2O7-Zn (Pressed as percent of extracted Zn) decreased. H2O-Zn,NaOH-Zn, and DTPA-Zn were positively correlated to each other and all were negatively correlated to NaOH-Na4P2O7-Zn. (P≤0.01).
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基金项目:国家科技支撑项目(!""()*+#%)’,);西北农林科技大学青年骨干支持计划和大学生创新计划资助。
作者简介:卢丽兰(’%#’—),女,海南省海口市,硕士生研究生,主要从事土壤和环境化学研究。-./012:2321204’!567’,58 9:/
! 通讯作者 -./012:;04<=3>:4<"’7’!,8 9:/
鸡粪腐解过程不同溶解性腐殖物质
结合形态锌的动态
卢丽兰,王旭东!,尚浩博,何海娟
(西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌 (’!’"")
摘要:以鸡粪为材料,添加不同比例的铜、锌进行腐解试验,研究了腐解过程中不同溶性(水溶性、氢氧化钠溶性、氢
氧化钠$焦磷酸钠混合液溶性)腐殖物质结合态锌浓度的动态变化及其受铜含量的影响以及各形态锌与有效锌的
关系。结果表明,粪肥原样水溶性锌(?!@.A4)占其全锌量的 "8(6B,在腐解过程中逐渐下降;随着粪肥中添加锌量
的增加(C3 D A4为 ’E’、’E!、’E5处理),?!@.A4含量也相应增加,但平均含量占其全锌的比例低于对照处理,同时也
随着腐解时间延长呈减少趋势。铜含量的增加对 ?!@.A4提取有促进作用。腐解初期,粪肥原样中 F0@?浸提取锌
含量占其全锌量的 ,!86’B,在腐解过程其比例大幅度下降;F0@?腐殖物质结合态锌(F0@?.A4)随着加入锌的增
大而有所增加,随着铜含量增加,F0@?溶性腐殖物质结合态锌的含量也有增加趋势,而随着腐解时间呈下降趋势。
粪肥原样中 F0@?.F06G!@(提取腐殖物质络合锌含量占其全锌量的 ’58&%B,随腐解时间推移呈增加趋势;F0@?.
F06G!@(提取腐殖物质络合态锌(F0@?.F06G!@(.A4)的量随着加入锌量的增加,其变化不大,且铜含量对 F0@?.
F06G!@(提取腐殖物质络合态锌的量影响很小。在堆腐前,在各个处理样中,&"B!#&B的可溶性锌分配在 F0@?
的溶液,’"B!&"B分配在碱性混合液,"!&B在水溶液;至腐解后期,B!%!B分配在 F0@?.F06G!@(溶液,,B
!6’B分配在 F0@?的溶液,"!!B分配在水溶液。随着锌含量增加,?!@.A4和 F0@?.A4的分配比例逐渐增加,而
F0@?.F06G!@(.A4的分配比例减少。在堆腐粪肥中,水溶性锌、F0@?溶性腐殖物质结合态锌与有效锌浓度之间显
极正显著或正显著相关,而 F0@?.F06G!@(.A4溶性腐殖物质络合态锌与水溶性锌,F0@?溶性腐殖物质结合态锌及
有效锌浓度都显极负显著或负显著相关。
关键词:鸡粪;腐殖物质结合锌;腐殖物质络合锌;有效锌;腐解过程
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