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作 者 ：张堃, 姚拓, 张德罡, 辛国荣

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2010年 16卷 3期 页码：708-713

关键词：高寒地区；青稞；联合固氮菌肥；促生效应；

Keywords:alpine region, Hordeum vulgare, associative nitrogen-fixing bio-fertilizer, promoting effect,

摘 要 ：在高寒地区，通过裂区试验研究联合固氮菌菌肥对青稞生长的影响。结果表明，本试验研制的联合固氮菌肥符合《农用微生物菌剂》质量标准（GB 20287-2006）。联合固氮菌肥对青稞主根长度（乳熟期）、地下生物量（完熟期）、粗蛋白含量（抽穗期、灌浆期和乳熟期）、子粒产量均有显著的促进作用。其中，固氮菌肥+半量氮肥（1/2CN）处理，对于株高（苗期）、地上生物量（灌浆期、乳熟期和完熟期）、主根长度（乳熟期）、根体积（灌浆期）、地下生物量（乳熟期和完熟期）、粗蛋白含量（整个生育期）、子粒产量等与对照相比差异显著（P<0.05）； 而与全量氮肥（CN）处理相比，其株高（抽穗期、灌浆期和乳熟期）、叶绿素含量（整个生育期）、地上生物量（抽穗期和乳熟期）、主根长度（灌浆期和完熟期）、根体积（抽穗期、灌浆期和完熟期）、地下生物量（整个生育期）、粗蛋白含量（完熟期）虽低于CN处理，但两者间并无显著差异。说明在一定生育期内，半量氮肥+固氮菌肥（1/2CN）处理表现出了与全量氮肥相近的促生效果，即在该地区以“联合固氮菌肥+半量氮肥”的施用方式可以节省一半氮肥（56.25 kg/hm²）。

Abstract:The effects of bio-fertilizers on the growth of highland barley (Hordeum vulgare) in alpine regions were studied by using the split-block design experiment. The bio-fertilizers were composited with the associative nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Pseudomonas sp., Azotobacter sp., Zoogloea sp.). The results indicate that the associative nitrogen-fixing bio-fertilizers accord with the quality criterion of agricultural microbial fertilizer of China (GB 20287-2006). The root length (dough stage), underground plant biomass (mature stage), crude protein (heading stage, postulation stage and dough stage) and grain yield are significantly promoted by the bio-fertilizer applications (P<0.05). In the 1/2CN treatment group (bio-fertilizer + half application rate of chemical nitrogen fertilizer), the height (seedling stage), aboveground biomass (postulation stage, dough stage and mature stage), root length (dough stage), root volume (postulation stage), underground biomass (dough stage and mature stage), crude protein (whole stage) and grain yield are significantly higher than those of the control (P<0.05). The plant height (heading stage, postulation stage and dough stage), chlorophyll content (the whole stage), aboveground biomass (heading stage and dough stage), root length (postulation stage and mature stage), root volume (heading stage, postulation stage and mature stage), underground biomass (the whole stage), crude protein (mature stage) of the 1/2CN treatment are lower than those of the CN treatment (the whole application rate of chemical nitrogen fertilizer), and the differences are not significant. The 1/2CN treatment shows the similar results with the CN treatment in certain growth stages of highland barley, therefore, the 1/2CN treatment could save half amount of chemical nitrogen fertilizer (56.25 kg/ha) in this region.

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