作 者 ：姜存仓1;高祥照1;3;王运华1;鲁剑巍1;徐芳森1;2;石磊1;2
期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2005年 11卷 6期 页码：781-786
Keywords:cotton, seeding stage, K-efficiency, genotype,
摘 要 ：用营养液培养研究了103、138、163、1651、22和169等6个棉花基因型苗期钾效率差异及其初步机制。根据不同基因型钾效率系数和增长潜力的差异,区分为高效高潜(103、138)、高效低潜(163、165)、低效高潜(122)和低效低潜(169)基因型。在钾胁迫时,1031、38长势较好,单株干物重最大,而钾含量最低,它们能以较低钾含量构建较多的生物量,因此对钾的利用率大;由于其干物质冠根比大,因而能使较少的根系物质维持较多的地上部生长;与此相应,其单株钾积累量较大,且地上部钾积累量占较大比重,表明其吸收和转运钾素的能力较强;其叶绿素含量是上部叶高于下部叶,且二者差值较大,从而较好地促进上部叶的生理功能。而122、169则正好相反,缺钾时它们具有较高的钾含量,干物重却最小,其中169干物重仅为103的43.93%,因而钾积累量也最少,其吸收、积累和利用钾的能力弱。163、165的单株干物重、增长潜力以及地上部钾积累量比重均较低,其吸收和转运钾的能力属中低水平。
Abstract:Experiment was conducted to study potassium efficiency and its mechanisms of different cotton genotypes.Six different Kefficiency cotton genotypes (code: 103,122,138,163,165 and 169),were selected as experimental materials from 86 cultivars for 2 years.The research started from May 14,2003,and accomplished on June 12 using H·C·АВДОНИН ingredient water culture with two K levels and three repetitions.Firstly,dipped cotton seeds into 50—60℃ water for 30 minutes,then preserved seeds in doors at normal temperature.When bud emerged,bed them out in the solution pot.The volume of plastic pot bulk is 20 L. For each pot 12 plants was planted and was placed on the Lab terrace.Oxygen was add to the solution about 10 hours everyday using machine.The nutrient solution was refreshed once a week to prevent and cure plant illness and worms.Plant height and leaf number were record.Finally roots,stems and leaves were harvested separately.Oven dry them at 105℃ for 30 minutes,then at 70℃ for 24 hours. The results indicated that KEC [K efficiency coefficients and YP(yield potentiality)] were different.KEC of those six genotypes were 0.30,0.22,0.34,0.36,0.38 and 0.24,and GP were 2.46,2.21,1.83,1.27,1.46 and 1.49,respectively.Base on the variation of KEC and GP,different could be classified into four group: High KEC with high YP(103 and 138);high KEC with low YP(163 and 165);high YP with low KEC(122) and low KEC with low YP(169).Under K stress condition,103 and 138 grew much better than other genotypes,with the biggest dry matter,while their K content was the lowest,which indicated that they could made up more dry matter under K stress,therefore they had a higher KEC.Besides,the ratio of shoot and root was much larger for 103 and 138 than other genotypes,which indicated that less root matter was used to maintain more shoot growth.As the results,they had higher K cumulant in plant and the ratio of K cumulant of shoot was bigger.There was an obvious difference in K absorption,transportation,distribution and utilization among different genotypes.K cumulant of 103 and 138 was the highest whenever under+K or-K condition,and the K cumulant showed a distinct variation among these six genotypes under-K condition,while under +K condition,this variation diminished.Up-leaf chlorophyll content of 103 and 138 was much higher than that of down-leaf.By contrast,genotype 122 and 169 had high K content with the lowest dry matter,among which the dry matter of 169 was only accounted for 43.93% of 103.Therefore their K absorption,accumulation and utilization abilities were rather weak.K absorption,accumulation and utilization abilities 163 and 165 were medium.
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