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Changes of Cold Hardiness Indexes of Korla Fragrant Pears Different Organs with Air Temperature during Over wintering Period

越冬期间库尔勒香梨不同器官抗寒指标随气温的变化



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,2016,36(7):1408-1416
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AKREMAhmet1,ABLETMamat2,BATURBake1,ALTUNTursunhali1,
SAJIDAAbdukarim1,ZULKIYEManaf1
(1ColegeofGrasslandandEnvironmentalScience,XinjiangAgriculturalUniversity,Urumqi830052,China;2ForestManage
mentStation,HotanPrefecture,Hotan,Xinjiang848000,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Duringoverwinteringperiod,withtheflowerbud,trunkcambiumandbranchasmaterial,we
determinedthecoldhardinessindexes,antioxidantenzymeactivities(SOD,CAT,POD),solubleprotein
contentandrelativeconductivity,ofdifferentorgansandtissues,simultaneouslymonitoredtheorchardair
temperatureandtrunkcambiumtemperature,evaluatedthecoldresistanceofdifferentorgansbyusing
membershipfunctionmethod,analyzedtheeffectofairtemperatureoncoldhardinessindexesandcoldre
sistanceofXinjiangKorlafragrantpearsdifferentorgans.Resultsshowedthat:(1)Therewasadiffer
encebetweenthechangingtrendofdifferentorganssamecoldhardinessindexesandthesameorgandiffer
entcoldhardinessindexeswiththechangesofairtemperature,butgeneralytheairtemperatureandcold
hardinessindexeswerenegativelycorrelated;thecambiumtemperaturedifferenceandcoldhardinessinde
xeswerepositivelycorrelated.(2)Solubleproteincontentandcoldhardinessindexeswerepositivelycor
related;SOD,CATandPODactivitiesarepositivelycorrelated,amongthemCATandPODhadrelatively
goodcorrelationlevel.(3)Whilecomprehensivelyevaluatedthecoldhardinessofdifferentorgansbyusing
subordinationfunctionmethodCATactivityandsolubleproteincontenthadthebiggestcontribution.The
coldhardinesssequenceofdifferentorganswasflowerbud>northunexposedcambium>branch>south
exposedcambium.ItwasfoundthatthePODandCATactivitiesexpressedrelativelyhighunderthecondi
tionofrelativelylowtemperatureandintensivelycambiumtemperaturechanges,SODwasthemostsensi
tiveprotectiveenzymetocambiumtemperaturechangesandfreezinginjury;duringwholewinter,theor
ganwiththestrongcoldresistancecontainedrelativelyhighersolubleproteincontentandlowerrelative
conductivity;therewasrelativelywelcorrelationbetweenthechangesofcambiumtemperatureandcold
hardinessindexes.Undercertainconditionitcanindicatethecertainorganismcoldtolerance.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:overwinteringperiod,Korlafragrantpear,organ,physiologicalindexes,coldtolerance
  r2stu×./u (犘狔狉狌狊狊犻狀犽犻犪狀犵犲狀狊犻狊
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Table1 Thechangesoforchardmeasuredmeteorologicalfactorsduringoverwinteringperiod
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Month
¢£ÜÝ»
Temperaturedifference
betweendayandnight/℃
¤¥¦†‡ˆ£»
Cambiumtemperature
difference/℃
[Å¢£
Averageair
temperature/℃
‚¤ƒ„
Solarradiation
/(W·m-2)
i¦ƒ„
Terrestrialradiation
/(W·m-2)
11ËNov. 14.70 12.32 -1.54 182210.76 34532.28
12ËDec. 13.78 5.07 -14.55 157105.62 68346.99
1ËJan. 13.47 5.23 -11.09 159123.60 51452.28
2ËFeb. 14.30 7.20 -3.47 149809.41 40109.91
3Ë Mar. 15.95 8.57 6.12 221600.25 47461.67
0141 ! " # $ % &                   36r
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Table2 Theorchardmeasuredextremelowtemperatureanditsdurationtime
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Month
YZޣܮ\YZÞ£€žq
Numberofdays(d)\durationtime(h)
-20℃~-22℃ -22℃~-24℃ -24℃~-26℃ <-26℃
çÜÜp
Date(Date/Month)
YZÞ£
/℃
Extremetemperature
11ËNov. — — — — 30/11 -13.12
12ËDec. 11\5 7\5 3\1 1\3 15/12 -27.51
1ËJan. 4\4 2\9 — — 2/1 -23.99
2ËFeb. — — — — 1/2 -16.33
3Ë Mar. — — — — 1/3 -8.03
s

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Note:Extremelowesttemperaturedurationtimerepresentsthedurationtimeonthedayextremelowesttemperatureappeared
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Fig.1 TherelationbetweenthechangesoforchardtemperatureandSOD,CATandPODactivitiesindifferentorgans
duringoverwinteringperiod
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conductivityindifferentorgansduringoverwinteringperiod
„3 45(~EFv789:;eBC–6G‘LwQ}
Table3 Thecorrelationanalysisbetweenphysiologicalindexesandairtemperature
œ
Index
¢£
Air
temperature
¤¥¦†‡ˆ£§»
Cambiumtemperature
difference
SOD CAT POD ‘’“”Solubleprotein
™\š
Relative
conductivity
¢£Airtemperature 1 -0.88 -0.58 -0.53 -0.44 -0.48 -0.76
¤¥¦†‡ˆ£§»
Cambiumtemperaturedifference 1 0.60 0.67 0.12 0.57 0.38
SOD 1 0.48 0.33 0.88 0.25
CAT 1 0.50 0.80 0.32
POD 1 0.49 0.81
‘’“”Solubleprotein 1 0.71
™\šRelativeconductivity 1
s
: g  ±Û·ÔB0.05g0.01G[ÄÓT,
Note:andindicatesignificantdifferencesatthelevelof0.05and0.01,respectively
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Organ(tissue) SOD CAT POD
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conductivity
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