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作 者 ：谭树朋,孙文献,刘润进

期 刊 ：植物病理学报 2015年 45卷 6期 页码：661-669

关键词：马铃薯；青枯菌；丛枝菌根真菌；根围促生细菌；

Keywords:potato, Ralstonia solanacearum, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, plant growth- promoting rhizobacteria,

摘 要 ：丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)和根围促生细菌(PGPR)能在一定程度上拮抗土传病原物、提高植物抗病性而降低病害。本研究旨在(1)确定不同AMF与PGPR组合中,菌间相互作用的关系;(2)评价不同AMF与PGPR组合促进马铃薯生长、降低青枯病(Ralstonia solanacearum)危害的效果;(3)初步探索最佳AMF与PGPR组合降低马铃薯青枯病的作用机制。结果表明,与单接种AMF或PGPR相比,一些AMF与PGPR组合能够促进AMF的侵染和PGPR在马铃薯根围的定殖; AMF与PGPR组合能显著促进马铃薯的生长(如株高、茎粗、地上鲜重、地上干重、薯块重),其中以AMF摩西球囊霉(Glomus mosseae, Gm)与PGPR芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp.)M3-4菌株组合以及地表球囊霉(G. versiforme, Gv)与 M3-4菌株组合促生效果最好。另外,接种AMF和PGPR的组合不同程度降低了马铃薯青枯病的危害,其中也以Gm与M3-4和Gv与M3-4的组合防治效果最佳,防治效果分别为65.2%和69.5%。并且,后者处理的叶片中超氧化物歧化酶、苯丙氨酸解氨酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著高于其他处理,丙二醛含量则显著低于其他处理。实验结果表明,Gm与M3-4以及Gv与M3-4的AMF和PGPR组合能够协同作用大幅促进马铃薯的生长、诱导其防御反应而降低马铃薯青枯病危害。

Abstract:Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have the activities to antagonize soil-borne pathogens, improve plant disease resistance and finally reduce disease. The study was designed (1) to determine the interaction between AMF (Glomus mosseae, Gm and G. versiforme, Gv) and PGPR; (2) to evaluate the effects of different combinations of AMF and PGPR on potato growth and bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, (3) to explore the mechanisms of reducing bacterial wilt disease. Experimental data showed that the combination of AMF and PGPR promoted the colonization of the AMF or PGPR in potato rhizosphere and the growth of potato plants (such as plant height, stem diameter, fresh weight, dry weight of the shoot and tuber weight) compared with AMF or PGPR alone. Among the tested combinations, the combinations of Bacillus sp. M3-4 and Gm or Gv showed the highest growth-promoting activity. Moreover, inoculation of AMF and PGPR reduced the potato bacterial wilt. The combinations of Bacillus sp. M3-4 and Gm or Gv also showed the highest control efficacy with 65.2% and 69.5%, respectively. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and catalase (CAT) in leaves inoculated with Gv and M3-4 were significantly higher than that in other treatments, while the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was lower than that in other treatments. The dataset results indicate that the combinations of PGPR M3-4 and AMF Gm or and Gv promote the growth of potato,induce the defense responses, and thus reduce the occurrence of bacterial wilt in potato.

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