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作 者 ：王玉刚，李 萌，吕晓雯，张翠庭，屈巍巍，冯 辉 *

期 刊 ：西北植物学报 2012年 2期 页码：252~256

关键词：白菜；叶裂数；主基因+多基因；遗传；

Keywords:Brassica rapa, leaf lobes, major gene plus polygene, inheritance model,

摘 要 ：以叶片全缘的大白菜自交系（P₁）和叶缘深裂的欧洲白菜型油菜自交系（P₂）杂交所获得的6个基本世代（P₁、P₂、F₁、B₁、B₂、F₂）为材料，应用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型对白菜叶裂数进行遗传分析。结果表明，白菜的叶裂数受2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因的控制，第1对主基因加性效应为-1.154 7，显性效应为-1.516 8；第2对主基因的加性效应为-1.154 8，显性效应为1.034 9；多基因加性效应为0.591 9,显性效应为1.145 2，2对主基因间存在明显的交互作用。B₁、B₂和F₂世代叶裂数的主基因遗传率分别为88.48%、90.40%、93.03%；多基因遗传率分别为4.114%、0、0。B₁、B₂、F₂世代叶裂数表现出较高的主基因遗传率,受环境影响较小。在白菜叶裂数性状的改良中应以主基因为主，并适于早代选择。

Abstract:The mixed major-gene plus polygene inheritance model was used to analyze the inheritance of leaf lobes in Brassica rapa with six generations of P₁ (smooth leaf margin inbreed line)and P₂ (leaf margin nick inbreed line)and their F₁,B₁,B₂ and F₂.The result shows that the number of leaf lobes is controlled by two major genes with additive-dominance-epistatic effects plus poly-genes with additive-dominance effects (E-1 model)in hybrid.The additive effects of the two major genes are -1.154 7 and -1.154 8,respectively,and the dominance effects of the two major genes are -1.516 8 and 1.034 9,respectively;The heritability of the major genes in B₁,B₂ and F₂ are 88.48%，90.40% and 93.03%,respectively,but the polygene heritability only be checked in B₁,which is 4.114%.It indicated that the leaf lobes in B.rapa was dominated by major genes.This implies that in the genetic improvement of leaf lobes trait major gene is the main factor.It is fit for early selection.

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