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作 者 ：魏岳荣;;黄学林;黄　霞;李　佳;肖　望;李筱菊

期 刊 ：园艺学报 2005年 32卷 3期 页码：414-419

关键词：香蕉；多芽体；胚性愈伤组织；体细胞胚；植株再生；

Keywords:Banana, Multiple bud, Embryogenic callus, Somatic embryo, Plant regeneration,

摘 要 ：以我国重要香蕉种质‘过山香’ (AAB) 为材料, 研究了香蕉多芽体诱导、多芽体茎尖薄切片即分生组织性的表层结构物( scalp) 愈伤组织诱导和体细胞胚发生的合适条件。结果表明, 该品种单个不定芽茎尖在P4培养基(含BAP 100 μmol·L ^{- 1}和IAA 1 μmol·L ^{- 1} ) 中继代5个周期后可诱导获得类似花椰菜结构的多芽体。从30 μmol· m ^{- 2} ·s^{- 1}光强, 光/暗周期(16 h /8 h) 培养的多芽体所获得的scalp在添加2,4-D 5μmol·L ^{- 1}和Zeatin 1 μmol·L ^{- 1}的愈伤组织诱导培养基中黑暗培养, 45 d后愈伤组织诱导率可达97.6%。诱导20 d后黄色分生小球体类结节状愈伤组织开始发生, 90～120 d后在分生小球体局部可获得白色或浅黄色松散的胚性愈伤组织(诱导率为17.5% ) 。从胚性愈伤组织诱导的体细胞胚在成熟培养基上培养60 d后体胚萌发率和植株转化率分别为14.5%和11.1%。

Abstract:Musa AAB Silk ‘Guoshanxiang’ is an important germplasm of banana in China. The induction of embryogenic callus and somatic embryogenesis from scalp of the multiple buds induced from this cultivar was investigated. Cauliflower-like compact buds (multiple buds) could be induced from meristem of single adventitious bud of this cultivar in P4 medium consisted of MS salts and vitamins supplemented with BAP 100 μmol·L ^{- 1} and IAA 1 μmol·L ^{- 1} after subculture for five cycles. The maximum percentage of the calli induction, 97.6% , from the scalps was obtained on medium supp lemented with 2,4-D 5 μmol·L ^{- 1} and Zeatin 1 μmol·L ^{- 1} in the dark for 45 days when the multiple buds, before cut of the scalp, were precultured in the light with a 16 h photoperiod provided by cool white fluorescent tubes with a light intensity of 30 μmol ·m^{- 2} ·s^{- 1}. After 20 days of the induction culture, yellowish nodular callus ( also called meristematic globules) were initially produced on the surface of the scalp, and 17.5% of the whitish or buff and friable embryogenic callus were produced on the surface of the nodular callus after culture for 90 - 120 days. After culture on mature medium for 60 days, 14.5% of the somatic embryos induced from the embryogenic callus could be germinated, and 11.1% of the germinated embryos were converted to plantlets.

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