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A New Special Middle-ripening Loquat Variety—‘Ninghai Bai

优质枇杷新品种‘宁海白’


‘Ninghai Bai’,a new loquat variety.was developed by the systematic selection method from seedling,and characterized by large fruit and white flesh colour. Its fruit shape is long round or round,the single fruit mass 40—65g,the heaviest reaches 86 g. The fruit surface is light yenow white,the skin is thin and aromatic,the flesh iS fine and iuice iS rich,the total soluble solids content iS 13%—16%,the highest reaches 19.2%,the edible is 73.4%, sweet.sour,dense flavour. The ripening date in end of May.high
yield and resistant to freeze.


全 文 :园 艺 学 报 2004,31(2):279
Acta Horticulturae Sinica
优质枇杷新品种 ‘宁海白’
冯健君 王学德 刘 权 张 伟 叶建国。
(’浙江省宁海县农林局,宁海 315600; 浙汀大学农业与生物技术学院,杭州 310029; 浙江省宁海县枇杷山庄,
宁海 315604)
摘 要:‘宁海白’是从实生白砂枇杷的变异中选出的优质白砂枇杷新品种。果实长圆或圆形,单果
质量40~65 g,最大86 g,果实淡黄白色,皮薄味香,肉细汁多,可溶性固形物13%一16%,最高19.2%,
可食率73.4%,甜酸适口,风味浓郁。5月下旬成熟,丰产,抗冻。
关键词:枇杷;品种;优质
中图分类号:S 667.3 文献标识码:B 文章编号:0513—353X (2004)02-0279-01
‘宁海白’是 1994年从实生白砂枇杷 (亲本不详)中选出的大果优质中熟白砂枇杷新品种,2004
年2月通过浙江省林木品种审定委员会认定。目前已在浙江省舟山、台州、绍兴等市、县进行引种试验。
品种特征特性
树势中庸偏强,树姿开张,树冠圆头形,中心干明显,14年生树冠幅2.88 m,高2.9 m。分枝
力较强,枝条灰色,新梢以夏梢、春梢为主。叶片长倒披针形,先端渐尖或钝尖,基部楔形,叶缘上
部锯齿深锐明显,尖凸,下部全缘,叶平均长25.5 cm,宽8.0 cm,叶脉 16对,叶脉轮廓特别分明。
花穗中等,着花53~89朵,花问紧密,总轴下部直,顶部渐斜,萼片5枚,淡棕色,有绒毛。花瓣
淡黄白色,雄蕊平均20.1枚,雌蕊5个,花药呈长椭圆形,淡棕黄色。果实长圆或圆形,单果质量
40~65 g,最大86 g,果皮淡黄白色,锈斑少,皮薄,剥皮易,富有香气,果肉乳白色,肉质细腻多
汁,可溶性固形物含量 13%~16%,最高19.2%,风味浓郁,可食率73.4%,每果种子数 1~4粒。
果实丰产性好,栽后第3年挂果,4年生株产可达11.2 kg,成年树株产可达15 kg以上,抗冻性强于
软条白砂等品种。浙东沿海地区一般初花期10月中下旬,盛花期 11月下旬 ~12月上旬,终花期次
年1月中下旬,春梢抽生初期2月中旬,夏梢抽生初期5月中旬,果实成熟期5月下旬。
栽培技术要点
本品种适宜于pH 5.0~6.5的砂性低缓山坡地栽种,以东南朝向为佳。株行距2 m×4 m或2 m×3
m,问伐后4 m×4 m至4 m×6 m。掌握均衡施肥原则,N:P:K=4:2.5:3,重抓采后、花前、壮果 3次
施肥,每年施用有机肥料,在采后、花前与N、P、K化肥适当搭配。栽后第3年适当挂果,第4年后抓
好疏果套袋,每穗留果1~3个,用牛皮纸袋套袋。采用疏删分层形整形,修剪主要在采收后进行夏剪
及次年2~3月进行春剪。病虫防治上重点防治叶斑病、枝干腐烂病、果实裂果病和黄毛虫。
A New Special Middle-ripening Loquat Variety一 ‘Ninghai Bai’
Feng Jianjunh,Wang Xuede ,Liu Quan ,Zhang Wei。,and Ye Jianguo
( Agricultural and Forestry Bu~au ofNinghai County,Zhejiang 315600,China; Colege ofAgriculture and Biotechnology,
Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310029,China; Loquat Garden ofNinghai County,Ninghai 315604,China)
Abstract: ‘Ninghai Bai’,a new loquat variety.was developed by the systematic selection method from
seedling,and characterized by large fruit and white flesh colour. Its fruit shape is long round or round,the
single fruit mass 40—65g,the heaviest reaches 86 g. The fruit surface is light yenow white,the skin is thin
and aromatic,the flesh iS fine and iuice iS rich,the total soluble solids content iS 13% 一16%,the highest
reaches 19.2% ,the edible iS 73.4% , sweet.sour,dense flavour. The ripening date in end of May.high
yield and resistant to freeze.
Key words:Loquat;Variety;High quality
收稿日期:2003—12—25;修回日期:2004—03—22
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