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Patterns of Morphological Variation and Agronomic Traits in A Worldwide Sample of Prairie Grass Germplasm

扁穗雀麦种质资源形态和农艺性状变异的初步分析



全 文 :!23" !5#
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犱狅犻:10.11733/j.issn.10070435.2015.05.022
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犘犪狋狋犲狉狀狊狅犳犕狅狉狆犺狅犾狅犵犻犮犪犾犞犪狉犻犪狋犻狅狀犪狀犱犃犵狉狅狀狅犿犻犮犜狉犪犻狋狊犻狀犃犠狅狉犾犱狑犻犱犲
犛犪犿狆犾犲狅犳犘狉犪犻狉犻犲犌狉犪狊狊犌犲狉犿狆犾犪狊犿
MAXiao1,ZHOUChaojie1,ZHANGChenglin1,SUNMing1,GUOZhihui1,
WANGXiaoli2,ZHANGJianbo2
(1.ColegeofAnimalScience&Technology,SichuanAgricuralUniversity,Yaan,SichuanProvince625014,China;
2.GuizhouInstituteofPrataculture,Guiyang,GuizhouProvince550005,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Detectingthediversityofgermplasmcolectionisimportanttoplantbreedersforutilizingand
managementthecolectionefficientlyandeffectively.Atotalnumberof87prairiegrass(犅狉狅犿狌狊犮犪狋犺犪狉狋犻
犮狌狊)accessionswithworldwidegeographicoriginswerestudiedinfieldattheYaancityofSichuanprov
ince,andninephenotypiccharacterswererecorded.Accordingtothecoefficientsofvariation,alstudied
characteristicsshowedahighdegreeofvariability,butitwerehighlypronouncedfordrymatterperplant,
tilernumberandleafwidth.Themajorityofsignificantcorrelationcoefficientswerefoundinthetraitsre
presentingplantsize.Steamdiameterandlengthoffirstinternodehadsignificantlypositivecorrelations(犘
<0.01)withothers,andthecorrelationcoefficientbetweenlengthofsecondupperleafandbreadthofflag
leafwasthehighestone(狉=0.912,犘<0.01).Principalcomponentanalysis(PCA)wasperformedfor
phenotypicaldiversitydeterminationandgroupingofgermplasmcolections.Twoprincipalcomponents
werefoundtoexplain74%ofthetotalvariationinthedependencestructure.Plantsizecharacterstogether
withtilernumberappearedtobethemajorsourcesofdiversityamong犅.犮犪狋犺犪狉狋犻犮狌狊accessions.Basedon
theclusteranalysisusingUPGMA method,accessionsincludedinthreemainclusters,firstgrouphad
largeplantsizewithbroadleaves,widerstemsandmediumtilersnumber,secondhadmediumplantsize,
andthirdhadsmalsizewithnarrowleavesandlargetilersnumber.Scatterplotusingtwofirstprincipal
componentscoresalsoconfirmedthegroupingbyclusteranalysis.Overal,thestudydemonstratesthat犅.
犮犪狋犺犪狉狋犻犮狌狊isahighlyversatileforagespeciesandthequantitativetraitdiversityinthegermplasmhassig
nificanceforforagegrassbreedingprogramsandfuturecolectingstrategies.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:犅狉狅犿狌狊犮犪狋犺犪狉狋犻犮狌狊;Morphologicaltrait;Variability;Germplasm;Diversity
!5# uT)!:T^5dYù´†€=(IghnoB‹Œz{
  T^5d(犅狉狅犿狌狊犮犪狋犺犪狉狋犻犮狌狊Vahl.)H˜«
Prairiegrass,O¦ÉT°(Gramineae)5dÊ(Bro
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Šà“u

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Table1 Accessionsofprairiegrassusedinthestudy
º™
No
˜™
Code
…†
Origin
yQ
Type
º™
No
˜™
Code
…†
Origin
yQ
Type
1 PI158372 Z3 NewZealand U 45 PI316174
©**Ð

\[RÝ
CapitalTerr,Australia

2 PI168556 ©**Ð Australia U 46 PI316175
©**Ð

\[RÝ
CapitalTerr,Australia

3 PI168564 ©**Ð Australia U 47 PI316177
©**Ð

\[RÝ
CapitalTerr,Australia

4 PI185500 mSouthAfrica U 48 PI331171 j¼†,Argentina U
5 PI187000
¨¬

jÚm 
Alaska,UnitedStates
W 49 PI331172 j¼†,Argentina U
6 PI193144 ·ÚUruguay Cm 50 PI337517 j¼†,Argentina U
7 PI195476
m

G ½‘
Transvaal,SouthAfrica
U 51 PI338633 ’Ýé,Morocco U
8 PI197848 j¼†Argentina U 52 PI377533 +T,¬¥ Tokyo,Japan W
9 PI197849 j¼†Argentina U 53 PI409137
m

U¥2
CapeProv,SouthAfrica

10 PI202359
j¼†

Ö42
LasRosas,SantaFe,Argentina
Cm 54 PI409138
m

U¥2
CapeProv,SouthAfrica

11 PI202360
j¼†

Ö42
LasRosas,SantaFe,Argentina
Cm 55 PI409139
m

U¥2
CapeProv,SouthAfrica

12 PI202693
·Ú

°Ý-Ð
Colonia,Uruguay
U 56 PI413792 Ó¬France U
13 PI203616
µ3

*&2
PortoAlegre,Brazil
W 57 PI436806
¨¬

GO“m
Texas,UnitedStates

14 PI204157
·Ú

œÕIBÐ
Montevideo,Uruguay.
W 58 SBC001 +¬,_}Sichuan,China W
15 PI209100
©**Ð

3©2
WesternAustralia,Australia
U 59 SBC002 +¬,_}Sichuan,China W
16 PI217582
֬

GÕkŠG0
TamilNadu,India
W 60 SBC003 +¬,ìQujing,Yunnan,China W
17 PI217583
֬

GÕkŠG0
TamilNadu,India
W 61 SBC004 +¬,ìQujing,Yunnan,China W
18 PI217593
֬

GÕkŠG0
TamilNadu,India
W 62 SBC005 +¬,_}Yaan,Sichuan,China W
19 PI219801 È*,ÖñÐéSantiago,Chile U 63 SBC006 +¬,_}Yaan,Sichuan,China W
20 PI219802 È*,ÖñÐéSantiago,Chile U 64 SBC007 +¬,_}Yaan,Sichuan,China W
21 PI219804 È*,ÖñÐéSantiago,Chile U 65 ChapelHil
¨¬

î@Ð
Georgia,UnitedStates

22 PI237793 3‡%Spain U 66 PI478512 ƱPeru W
23 PI250648 µ‡mKPakistan W 67 PI495807


‚œc
InnerMongolia,China
Cm
24 PI273869 ”•ÀÈÐEthiopia W 68 PI595114
¨¬

ÐÚµÙ
Alabama,UnitedStates

0501
!5# uT)!:T^5dYù´†€=(IghnoB‹Œz{
8P1
º™
No
˜™
Code
…†
Origin
yQ
Type
º™
No
˜™
Code
…†
Origin
yQ
Type
25 PI283202 Ó¬France U 69 PI595115 ¨¬UnitedStates W
26 PI283204 +TJapan U 70 PI595116
¨¬

G33È
Mississippi,UnitedState

27 PI283205 mSouthAfrica U 71 PI595117
¨¬

G33È
Mississippi,UnitedState

28 PI284108 È*Chile U 72 PI595118
¨¬

G33È
Mississippi,UnitedState

29 PI284109 mSouthAfrica U 73 PI595120
¨¬

ÀOÚJÙ
UnitedStates

30 PI284110 mSouthAfrica U 74 PI595122 ¨¬,º=…ŠUnitedStates W
31 PI284111 mSouthAfrica U 75 PI595124
¨¬

GO“m
Texas,UnitedStates

32 PI292258 H¬UnitedKingdom. U 76 PI595125
¨¬

GO“m
Texas,UnitedStates

33 PI299500
m

®ë2
FreeStateProv,SouthAfrica
W 77 PI595128
¨¬

GO“m
Texas,UnitedStates

34 PI303640
m

®ë2
FreeStateProv,SouthAfrica
U 78 Primabel Ó¬France C
35 PI304864
j¼†

Öâ=“
SantaRosa,Argentina
W 79 Belegarde Ó¬France C
36 PI306289
©**Ð

Z‡k½
NewSouthWales,Australia
U 80 Meribel Ó¬France C
37 PI308503 Ʊ,Ú%=ÐPeru W 81 Anabel Ó¬France C
38 PI308506 Ʊ,Ú%=ÐPeru W 82 W610414
¨¬

ÐÚµÙ
Alabama,UnitedStates

39 PI308507 Ʊ,Ú%=ÐPeru W 83 W610415
¨¬

 DmÝ
UnitedStates

40 PI309955
µ3

*&2
RioGrandedoSul,Brazil
U 84 W610423
¨¬

G33È
Mississippi,UnitedState

41 PI309957
µ3

*&2
RioGrandedoSul,Brazil
U 85 W610432
¨¬

GO“m
Texas,UnitedStates

42 PI309958
µ3

*&2
RioGrandedoSul,Brazil
U 86 JiangxianÞ +¬,©4 Hubei,China C
43 PI315677
"-m

"-m¶
Tunis,Tunisia
U 87 Qiannan +¬,p2Guizhou,China C
44 PI316173
©**Ð

\[RÝ
CapitalTerr,Australia.

  ò(Note):U=¾ìTYhUncertainimprovementstatus;W=":‘ Wildmaterial;C=GYCultivar;Cm=Ž{‘Cultivated
material
2 lmY;n
2.1 }3p>?3;n
K87„T^5dB‘1egh«¬BÀÁ
z{lmPJ

P2),•]j9e8(IPABƒ
@gh+

ÜC=zÖpBnoÚ¨v*

noAp
zÆG34.89%=33.68%,ÒüG+è、!Šà“
u
、¨
©ª

ÑÛ©ª

noApzÆG21.15%,
21.00%,27.51%,25.93%,noÚ¨vwBG
ì
、¨
©u

ÑÛ©u

noApzÆG16.41%,
16.79%,15.91%。hs,]‘–¾@A–
û

X^û!ûÎ@:

2.2 }3pUÀ;n
KWXT^5d‘1egh;iœEFND
z{

P3),犉IVPJ,jkB9ePQgh•1
à“BDo–ÄÅ×r
(犘<0.01)KL。LJ犉
õBȚ

|}@AÜC•9egh«¬+B犉õ
v*
(102.33),!Šà“uB犉õvw(11.052),
¿P3|~1Yù’“•9egh«¬B犉õ
¿*ÅwÔüGÜC

ì

zÖp

ÑÛ©ª


Ø
、¨
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Table2 Descriptivestatisticsincludingmeanvalues,minimum,maximum,standarddeviations
fortraitsandsignificantdifferencebetweenstudiedgermplasm
gh
Character
ì
PH/cm

SD/mm
!Šà“u
LFI/cm
¨©u
LFL/cm
¨©ª
WFL/cm
ÑÛ©u
LSUL/cm
ÑÛ©ª
WSUL/cm
zÖp
TN
ÜC
DWY/g
–õ Means 131.9 3.8 19.1 30.4 0.9 35.0 1.1 41.0 29.8
v*õ Max 170.49 5.6 29.01 40.33 1.38 44.19 1.68 104.2 67.3
vwõ Min 77.94 1.83 8.98 16.71 0.27 19.65 0.34 19 14.1
¬»DS.D 21.647 0.797 4.005 5.110 0.247 5.574 0.274 13.792 10.381
noAp犆.犞 0.1641 0.2115 0.21 0.1679 0.2751 0.1591 0.2593 0.3368 0.3489
\3 :t;z„…}3p0ëžïUÀ;n
Table3 Onwayanalysisofvarianceofdifferenttraitsinprairiegrassgermplasm
ghCharater 犉õ犉ratio
–N Meansquares
Yù‘“Betweenaccessions Yù‘‚ Withinaccession
ìPH/cm 100.57 4686.12 46.60
+èSD/mm 24.58 6.36 0.26
!Šà“uLFI/cm 11.05 160.42 14.51
¨©uLFL/cm 17.82 261.08 14.65
¨©ª WFL/cm 22.82 0.61 0.03
ÑÛ©uLSUL/cm 22.50 310.65 13.81
ÑÛ©ª WSUL/cm 30.22 0.75 0.02
zÖpTN 57.35 1902.16 33.17
œÜCDWY/g 102.33 1074.92 10.50
  ò(Note):犘<0.05and犘<0.01
2.3 3p0Që|6;n
K87„T^5d‘BPQghpõ;iƒ@
z{

P4),lmPJ1PQgh“”•š›Bƒ@
g

Ò++è=!Šà“u8Ò-8egh’“”
•—rƒ@
,¨
©ª8ÑÛ©ªBƒ@gv›
(狉=
0.912,犘<0.01),ÒüG¨©u8ÑÛ©u(狉=
0.801,犘<0.01),!Šà“u8¨©u(狉=0.422,犘
<0.01)=ÜC(狉=0.421,犘<0.01)ƒ@gšã;z
Öp8+è
(狉=-0.242,犘<0.05)=!Šà“u(狉
=-0.236,犘<0.05)’“”•—ríƒ@。ÜC=
zÖp
(狉=-0.223,犘<0.01)’“”•—ríƒ
@

8Ò-7egh’“”•—rðƒ@,Ò+8
ì
(狉=0.668,犘<0.01)ƒ@gv›。ì、©u、©
ª

+è!ghKT^5dœÜC”•Ã—rðƒ
@‰ƒ@Apšì
(犘<0.01),•¥ô=§ŒT^5
dãöYù‘“ž3–C>?Ð÷gh

\4 :t;z„…0,--âò3p0|63;n
Table4 Bivariatecorrelationsamongninetraitsinprairiegrassgermplasm
gh
Character
ì
PH

SD
!Šà“u
LFI
¨©u
LFL
¨©ª
WFL
ÑÛ©u
LSUL
ÑÛ©ª
WSUL
zÖp
TN
PH 1.00
SD 0.727 1.00
LFI 0.614 0.454 1.00
LFL 0.686 0.685 0.422 1.00
WFL 0.700 0.655 0.546 0.700 1.00
LSUL 0.729 0.697 0.506 0.801 0.711 1.00
WSUL 0.718 0.653 0.525 0.673 0.912 0.680 1.00
TN -0.162 -0.242 -0.236 -0.078 -0.08 -0.093 -0.098 1.00
DMY 0.668 0.590 0.421 0.565 0.566 0.642 0.556 -0.223
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ghTraits
RSLëEigenvectors
!1¾ázPC1 !2¾ázPC2
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zÖpTN -0.091 0.918
œ:9ëDWY 0.335 -0.063
RSõEigenvalue 5.583 1.048
ħ5Percentofvarianceexplained/% 62.035 11.648
ŸÁħ5Cumulativepercentofvarianceexplained/% 62.035 73.683
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Cluster PH SD LFI LFL WFL LSUL WSUL TN DWY
Ⅰ 155.67Aa 4.55Aa 22.17Aa 35.25Aa 1.10Aa 40.27Aa 1.29Aa 36.9Aa 43.37Aa
Ⅱ 132.61Bb 3.82Bb 19.27Bb 30.83Bb 0.94Bb 35.56Bb 1.10Bb 39.6Aa 28.35Bb
Ⅲ 100.83Cc 2.60Cc 14.71Cc 22.99Cc 0.49Cc 26.77Cc 0.62Cc 45.8Aa 18.07Cc
犉test 78.04 69.43 22.85 64.06 95.35 66.75 77.35 2.57ns 69.63
  Note:Clusterswiththesamelettersarenotsignificantlydiferentatthe5%levelofTukey’stest.:犘<0.05;:犘<0.01;ns:犘>0.05
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