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作 者 ：缪绅裕;王厚麟;黄金玲;陶文琴;陈健辉;陈桂珠

期 刊 ：植物科学学报 2011年 29卷 4期 页码：446-451

关键词：森林群落；优势种群；频度；年龄结构；粤北；

Keywords:Forest community, Dominant species population, Frequency, Age structure, Northern Guangdong,

摘 要 ：为探究广东北部山区森林保护现状与发展规律,利用植被样方调查法和数量分析法,研究了粤北18个森林群落乔木层优势种群的频度和高频度(>60%)种群的年龄结构。结果显示,1265个频度值按Raunkiaer的5个频度等级分析,A级(物种出现概率1%～20%)占78.38%,B级(21%～40%)占15.38%,C级(41%～60%)占2.91%,D级(61%～80%)占1.87%,E级(81%～100%)占1.46%;频度规律为A>B>C>D>E。在16个频度>60%(D级和E级)的优势种群的年龄结构中,衰退种群有枫香(Liquidambar formosana)、杉木(Cunning-hamia lanceolata)、小红栲(Castanopsis carlesii)、马尾松(Pinus massoniana)、拟赤杨(Alniphyllum fortunei)、黄樟(Cinnamomum porrectum)、青栲(Castanopsis lamontii)和酸枣(Choerospondias axillarie);属于增长种群的有红锥(Castanopsis hystrix)、黧蒴(C.fissa)和罗浮栲(C.fabric);趋于稳定种群的有甜锥(Castanopsis eyrei)、木荷(Schima superba)、红楠(Machilus thunbergii)、罗浮柿(Diospyros morrisiana)和深山含笑(Michelia maudiae)。粤北森林经较长期的群落演替和自然保护,目前针叶树种群及落叶阔叶树种群的衰退,为地带性植被常绿阔叶林及其优势种群的发展奠定了基础。研究结果为粤北自然保护区的建设和可持续发展提供了参考。

Abstract:To clarify the present protected status and the development law for vegetation in northern Guangdong,China,the frequency and age structures of dominant species in 18 forest communities were studied by using the method of vegetation quadrat and numerical analysis.The results showed that among 1265 frequency values,78.38% was in Grade A(present frequency of species among 1%-20%),15.38% in Grade B(21%-40%),2.91% in Grade C(41%-60%),1.87% in Grade D(61%-80%) and 1.46% in Grade E(81%-100%) according to the Raunkiaer’s Frequency System of five grades.The frequency law was A>B>C>D>E.Among the 16 age structures of dominant species populations,in which the frequency was more than 60%(grade D and E),the declining populations were Liquidambar formosana,Cunninghamia lanceolata,Castanopsis carlesii,Pinus massoniana,Alniphyllum fortunei,Cinnamomum porrectum,Castanopsis lamontii and Choerospondias axillaries;the increasing populations were Castanopsis hystrix,C.fissa,and C.fabric;and the stable populations included Castanopsis eyrei,Schima superba,Machilus thunbergii,Diospyros morrisiana,and Michelia maudiae.As the forest in northern Guangdong has developed by succession and protection for a relative long time,the present status of the forest showed the declination of conifers trees and deciduous broad-leaf trees,and provided a foundation for the future development of vegetation typical of ever-green broad leaf forests and its dominant species.The results also provided scientific basis for the construction and sustainable development of nature reserves in northern Guangdong,China.

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