选用K型不育系豫麦3号、S43及其相应的保持系，与恢复系豫麦2号和豫麦49组配了不育系//保持系/恢复系、不育系//不育系/恢复系和不育系/恢复系//保持系三种回交群体，对小麦K型不育系育性恢复基因进行了遗传分析。结果表明，不同恢复力的恢复系携带的恢复基因对数不同，恢复力较强的豫麦2号携带2对主效基因，恢复力较低的豫麦49仅携带1对主效基因。此外，还有微效基因对育性恢复起作用，这种基因不仅存在于恢复系中，也存在于不育系（保持系）中。在K型细胞质背景下，不携带恢复基因的雄配子的传递率很低，而雌配子传递正常。
Fertility restoration of wheat male sterile line with Ae. kotschyi cytoplasm is one of main factors affecting its application in production, and the study of its genetic mechanism is helpful to develop good restorer lines. The sterile lines Yumai 3, S43 and their corresponding maintainer lines, the restorer lines Yumai 2 and Yumai 49, and three kinds of BC1 populations sterile line//maintainer line/restorer line, sterile line // sterile line/restoring line and sterile line / restoring line//maintainer line, were used to study the inheritance of fertility restoring genes. The results showed that the restorer line with different restoring ability had different number of restoring genes. Fertility segregation of backcross populations revealed two pairs of major restoring genes in restoring line Yumai 2, and only one pairs of genes in restoring line Yumai 49(Table 2), which was the main reason that the hybrids with Ae. kotschyi cytoplasm using Yumai 2 had higher restoring degree than that using Yumai 49. Besides, fertility restoration was affected by some quantitative genes such as enhancing or inhibiting genes, which were found not only in restoring lines but also in sterile lines (maintainer lines) (Table 5). The inheritance of female gamete without any restoring gene was normal under Ae. kotschyi cytoplasm background, but the transmission rate of male gamete was very low(Table 3 and Table 4). According to other author’s results, whether the wheat male sterile line with Ae.Kotschyi cytoplasm is completely sterile from gamete cannot be proved.
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