利用61对SSR引物对原产于中国14个省的440份籼稻地方品种进行了SSR分析，并对各省、经度和纬度间的籼稻地方品种进行了遗传距离和聚类分析。结果表明，籼稻地方品种遗传距离变异范围在各省份间为0.0707~0.4076；经度间为0.0680~0.3032；纬度间为0.0385~0.2696。相邻的省份、经度、纬度的籼稻地方品种基本归为同一类群，遗传距离和亲缘关系较近，而地理位置相隔较远的省份、经度、纬度的籼稻地方品种基本归为不同类群，遗传距离和亲缘关系较远，说明籼稻地方品种的亲缘关系与地理位置有着密切的相关性。但按经度和纬度划分较按省份划分的品种间遗传距离更具有规律性。
The genetic diversity of rice parents in rice breeding was not enough at present. Rice germplasm recourse is abundance in China and can be found everywhere, it is very important to utilize rice germplasm effectively. The relationships among indica local rices from different places of China was studied in order to give the principle of rice breeding. SSR analysis for 440 indica local rices selected from 14 provinces of China was conducted with 61 microsatellite markers, and genetic distance and dendrogram ot them among different provinces, longitudes and latitudes were analyzed. Relationships for indica local rice of different provinces, different longitudes and different latitudes were compared. The results indicated that the genetic distance of indica local rice among provinces ranged from 0.0707 to 0.4076; the genetic distance among different longitudes ranged from 0.0680 to 0.3032; the genetic distance among different latitudes ranged from 0.0385 to 0.2696. The indica local rice varieties located on contiguous province, longitude and latitude were basically clustered into same group, it had nearer genetic distance and relatives, while these located on more far geographic area were basically clustered into different groups, with farther genetic distance and relatives. The results showed there was close correlation between relatives and geographic location. The variance of genetic distance for indica local rice sorted according to the longitude and latitude was smaller than that according to province. Therefore, it is more reasonable to analyze genetic diversity of indica local rice grouping according to longitude and latitude than to province.
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