全 文 ：五裂红柱兰 ) ) ) 云南兰科一新种*
刘仲健1, 陈心启2 , 茹正忠1
( 1 深圳市梧桐山苗圃总场, 广东 深圳 518114; 2中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学重点实验室, 北京 100093)
Cymbidium quinquelobum, A New Species of Orchidaceae from Yunnan
LIU Zhong-Jian
1
, CHEN Sing-Chi
2
, RU Zheng-Zhong
1
( 1 Shenzhen City Wutongshan Nurseries, Shenzhen 518114, China; 2 Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany ,
Institut e of Botany, ChineseAcademy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China)
Abstract: Cymbidium quinquelobum , a new orchid from Yunnan, is described and illustrated. It is akin to Cymbidium wens-
hanense Y. S. Wu et F. Y. Liu, from which it differs by having a 5- lobed lip that is fused at base to the basal margins of the
column forming a tube 8- 10 mm long .
Key words: Cymbidium quinguelobum ; New species; Yunnan
关键词: 五裂红柱兰; 新种; 云南
中图分类号: Q 949 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 0253- 2700( 2006) 01- 013- 02
Cymbidium is an orchid genus mainly distributed in tropical and
subtropical Asia, with some species extending to Papua New Guinea
and Australia. Altogether 44 species were recognized by Du Puy and
Cribb in 1988, of which half the number were said to be found in
China. Many years later the number of Chinese species had gone up
to 29 ( Chen, 1999) , and today probably over 40, including both
newly described species and new records. The new species described
here was collected from Maguan County in southeastern Yunnan,
where the plants were found growing on trees or rocks. They were
transplanted in our nursery and flowered in last February. In floral
appearance and color it resembles Cymbidium wenshanense, from
which it is distinguishable by having a 5- lobed lip that is fused at base
to the basal margins of the column forming a tube 8- 10 mm long.
Cymbidium quinquelobum Z. J. Liu et S. C.
Chen, sp. nov. ( Fig. 1)
Type: China, SE Yunnan, Maguan County (马关县) , on
trees or rocks in broad- leaved forest, alt. 1 500 m, cult. , 15 Feb
2004, Z. J. Liu 2848 ( holotype, SZWN= Herbarium, Shenzhen
City Wutongshan Nurseries, China) .
Diagnosis: Species nova Cymbidio wenshanensi similis, a quo
bene differt labello manifesto quinquelobo, tobo connato a margin-i
bus basalibus labelli et columnae 8- 10 mm longo .
Description: Epiphytic or lithophytic plants. Pseudobulbs
ovoid, 4- 6 cm long , 11 5- 3 cm wide, enclosed in persistent leaf
bases. Leaves 4- 8, distichous, lorate, thin- coriaceous, 45- 96
@ 114- 21 1 cm, apex acuminate, articulated 8- 15 cm from the
base. Scape arising from the base of the pseudobulb, arching or
more or less pendulous, 28- 35 cm long; peduncle with 5- 6
sheaths 5- 13 cm long; raceme with 7- 12 flowers; floral bracts lin-
ea-r lanceolate, deep purple to yellowish, 7- 16@ 5- 7 mm; ped-i
cel and ovary 4- 6 cm long; flowers rather large, not fully opening,
scented; sepals white, often tinged with pale purple abaxially;
petals white, occasionally with a few purple- red spots, base m-i
nutely spotted with purple- red; lip yellowish, with purple-brown
stripes and spots; lamellae yellow; mid- lobe white-margined; co-l
umn purple-red in apical half, white tinged with pink in basal half;
dorsal sepal narrowly obovate- elliptic, slightly concave, 615- 8 @
21 3- 216 cm, apex acute; lateral sepals oblique, subobovate- ellip-
tic, 6- 711@ 216- 3 cm, carinate abaxially, apex subacute; pet-
als oblique, subobovate, 6- 615 @ 311- 31 3 cm, apex acute; lip
broadly obovate in outline, 6- 615 @ 7- 718 cm, white-hairy on
colored stripes and spots, white- ciliate, slightly above middle 5-
lobed, base fused to the basal margins of the colume forming a tube
8- 10 mm long; lower lateral lobes small, ovate to sublinear, 5- 10
@ 3- 5 mm, incurved; upper lateral lobes nearly square, incurved,
116- 2@ 116- 2 cm, clasping the column; mid- lobe boadly obovate-
square, 118- 215@ 212- 3 cm, apex rounded-obtuse or emarginate,
云 南 植 物 研 究 2006, 28 ( 1) : 13~ 14
Acta Botanica Yunnanica
* 收稿日期: 2005- 05- 09, 2005- 06- 06接受发表
作者简介: 刘仲健 ( 1958- ) 男, 教授级高级工程师, 主要从事兰科及相关生物技术研究。
图 1 五裂红柱兰 1. 带花植株; 2. 花; 3. 中萼片 (右)、花瓣 (中)、侧萼片 (左) ; 4. 唇瓣;
5. 唇瓣与蕊柱, 示基部合生的管; 6. 花粉块, 正面 (上) 与背面 (下)
Fig. 1 Cymbidium quinquelobum Z. J. Liu et S . C. Chen 1. Flowering, plant ; 2. Flower; 3. Dorsal sepal ( right) , petal ( middle) and
lateral sepal ( left ) ; 4. Lip; 5. Lip and column, showing a basal tube; 6. Pollinarium: front view ( above) and back view ( below)
undulate-margined, white- ciliate; disc with 2 longitudinal lamellae
and 3 ridges between them; lamellae extending to near the base of
the mid- lobe, with their apexes inflated and convergent to form a tr-i
lobed, sligh-t hairy callus; column 41 2- 41 8 cm long , slightly arc-
uate, narrowly winged, hairy; pollinia 2, nearly pyriform, cleft.
Flowering period: February.
Distribution: Known only from type locality.
Notes: A distinct new species, similar in floral appearance
and color to Cymbidium wenshanense Y. S. Wu et F. Y. Liu.
The latter is characterized by having a 3- lobed lip that is fused at
base to the base of the column for 3- 4 mm.
Acknowledgements: We thankM iss L . J. Chen for her preparing
the illustration.
References:
Chen SC, 1999. Cymbidium [ A] . In Chen S. C. ( ed. ) , Flora Reipubl-i
cae Popularis Sinicae [M] . Beijing: Science Press, 18: 191 ) 227
Du Puy D, Cribb P, 1988. The Genus Cymbidium . Timber Press, Port-
land, Origan, U. S. A
14 云 南 植 物 研 究 28卷